Introduction
Free convection is encountered in many situations. In fact, it is always present as long as fluid temperature is not uniform and there is an acceleration field such as gravity. In some applications, free convection heat transfer is small compared to other modes and therefore may be neglected. In others it is the dominant mechanism for heat transfer. There are situations where it is desirable to suppress free convection, such as in heat loss from steam pipes, windows, and solar collectors. On the other hand, one seeks to enhance the transfer of heat by free convection in cooling microelectronic components and packages.
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Jiji, L.M. (2009). Free Convection. In: Heat Convection. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02971-4_7
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