Skip to main content

A Language-Theoretic View on Guidelines and Consistency Rules of UML

  • Conference paper
Model Driven Architecture - Foundations and Applications (ECMDA-FA 2009)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNPSE,volume 5562))

Abstract

Guidelines and consistency rules of UML are used to control the degrees of freedom provided by the language to prevent faults. Guidelines are used in specific domains (e.g., avionics) to recommend the proper use of technologies. Consistency rules are used to deal with inconsistencies in models. However, guidelines and consistency rules use informal restrictions on the uses of languages, which makes checking difficult. In this paper, we consider these problems from a language-theoretic view. We propose the formalism of C-Systems, short for “formal language control systems”. A C-System consists of a controlled grammar and a controlling grammar. Guidelines and consistency rules are formalized as controlling grammars that control the uses of UML, i.e. the derivations using the grammar of UML. This approach can be implemented as a parser, which can automatically verify the rules on a UML user model in XMI format. A comparison to related work shows our contribution: a generic top-down and syntax-based approach that checks language level constraints at compile-time.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. OMG: Unified Modeling Language: Infrastructure, version 2.1.1 (07-02-06). Object Management Group (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  2. OMG: Unified Modeling Language: Superstructure, version 2.1.1 (07-02-05). Object Management Group (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Medvidovic, N., Rosenblum, D.S., Redmiles, D.F., Robbins, J.E.: Modeling software architectures in the unified modeling language. ACM Trans. Softw. Eng. Methodol. 11(1), 2–57 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Booch, G., Rumbaugh, J., Jacobson, I.: The Unified Modeling Language User Guide, 2nd edn. Addison-Wesley, Reading (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Balzer, R.: Tolerating inconsistency. In: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE 1991), pp. 158–165. IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos (1991)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  6. Easterbrook, S.M., Chechik, M.: 2nd international workshop on living with inconsistency. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE 2001), pp. 749–750. IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos (2001)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  7. Nuseibeh, B., Easterbrook, S.M., Russo, A.: Leveraging inconsistency in software development. IEEE Computer 33(4), 24–29 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Kuzniarz, L., Reggio, G., Sourrouille, J.L., Huzar, Z. (eds.): Workshop on consistency problems in UML-based software development I, co-located with UML 2002 (2002), http://www.ipd.bth.se/consistencyUML/

  9. Kuzniarz, L., Huzar, Z., Reggio, G., Sourrouille, J.L. (eds.): Workshop on consistency problems in UML-based software development II, co-located with UML 2003 (2003), http://www.ipd.bth.se/consistencyUML/

  10. Huzar, Z., Kuzniarz, L., Reggio, G., Sourrouille, J.L. (eds.): Workshop on consistency problems in UML-based software development III, co-located with UML 2004 (2004), http://www.ipd.bth.se/consistencyUML/

  11. Vidal, J.-P.S., Malgouyres, H., Motet, G.: UML 2.0 Consistency Rules (2005), http://www.lattis.univ-toulouse.fr/UML/

  12. Vidal, J.P.S., Malgouyres, H., Motet, G.: UML 2.0 consistency rules identification. In: Proceedings of the 2005 International Conference on Software Engineering Research and Practice (SERP 2005). CSREA Press (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Federal Aviation Administration: Handbook for Object-Oriented Technology in Aviation (OOTiA), vol. 2.1, Considerations and issues. U.S. Department of Transportation (October 2004)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Motet, G.: Risks of faults intrinsic to software languages: Trade-off between design performance and application safety. Safety Science (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  15. OMG: MOF 2.0 / XMI Mapping, version 2.1.1 (07-12-01). Object Management Group (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  16. ISO/IEC: ISO/IEC 14977:1996(E): Extended BNF (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Hopcroft, J.E., Ullman, J.D.: Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation. Addison-Wesley, Reading (1979)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  18. Chen, Z., Motet, G.: Modeling system safety requirements using input/output constraint meta-automata. In: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Systems (ICONS 2009), pp. 228–233. IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Chen, Z., Motet, G.: System safety requirements as control structures. In: Proceedings of the 33rd Annual IEEE International Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC 2009). IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Chen, Z., Motet, G.: Formalizing safety requirements using controlling automata. In: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Dependability (DEPEND 2009). IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Ginsburg, S., Spanier, E.H.: Control sets on grammars. Mathematical Systems Theory 2(2), 159–177 (1968)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  22. Dassow, J., Paun, G., Salomaa, A.: Grammars with controlled derivations. In: Rozenberg, G., Salomaa, A. (eds.) Handbook of Formal Languages, pp. 101–154. Springer, Heidelberg (1997)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  23. Clarke, E.M., Grumberg, O., Peled, D.A.: Model Checking. The MIT Press, Cambridge (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Huth, M., Ryan, M.: Logic in Computer Science: Modelling and Reasoning about Systems, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2004)

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  25. Egyed, A.: Fixing inconsistencies in UML design models. In: Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE 2007), pp. 292–301. IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  26. Egyed, A.: UML/Analyzer: A tool for the instant consistency checking of UML models. In: Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE 2007), pp. 793–796. IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  27. OMG: Object Constraint Language, version 2.0 (06-05-01). Object Management Group (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Chiorean, D., Pasca, M., Cârcu, A., Botiza, C., Moldovan, S.: Ensuring UML models consistency using the OCL environment. Electr. Notes Theor. Comput. Sci. 102, 99–110 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Earley, J.: An efficient context-free parsing algorithm. Commun. ACM 13(2), 94–102 (1970)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  30. Aho, A.V., Sethi, R., Ullman, J.D.: Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools. Addison-Wesley, Reading (1986)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  31. Egyed, A.: Instant consistency checking for the UML. In: Osterweil, L.J., Rombach, H.D., Soffa, M.L. (eds.) Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE 2006), pp. 381–390. ACM, New York (2006)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Chen, Z., Motet, G. (2009). A Language-Theoretic View on Guidelines and Consistency Rules of UML. In: Paige, R.F., Hartman, A., Rensink, A. (eds) Model Driven Architecture - Foundations and Applications. ECMDA-FA 2009. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5562. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02674-4_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02674-4_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-02673-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-02674-4

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics