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Far-Field Optical Nanoscopy

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Single Molecule Spectroscopy in Chemistry, Physics and Biology

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Chemical Physics ((CHEMICAL,volume 96))

Summary

Since the discovery of the diffraction barrier in the nineteenth century, it has been commonly accepted that a lens-based (far-field) optical microscope cannot discern structural details much finer than about half the wavelength of light (λ ∕ 2). However, in the early 1990s, a quest toward higher resolution began, which led to the discovery that the diffraction barrier of far-field fluorescence microscopy can be radically overcome using basic molecular transitions. This chapter discusses the initial and more recent concepts that can provide far-field optical resolution down to the molecular scale. It is shown that all concepts reported to date exploit a transition between a bright and a dark state to switch fluorescence such that adjacent objects or molecules emit sequentially in time. Some of these concepts can be extended to signal-giving mechanisms other than fluorescence. Likewise, purely physics-based concepts, such as stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy, can in principle be extended to explore the molecule itself. Emergent far-field fluorescence nanoscopy will strongly impact not only the life sciences but also other areas that benefit from nanoscale optical three-dimensional (3D) mapping with conventional lenses and propagating light.

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  1. Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37070, Göttingen, Germany

    Stefan W. Hell

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  1. Dept. Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 106 91, Sweden

    Astrid Gräslund

  2. rue du Centre 115, St. Sulpice, 1025, Switzerland

    Rudolf Rigler

  3. Dept. Biomolecular Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, 106 91, Sweden

    Jerker Widengren

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Hell, S.W. (2010). Far-Field Optical Nanoscopy. In: Gräslund, A., Rigler, R., Widengren, J. (eds) Single Molecule Spectroscopy in Chemistry, Physics and Biology. Springer Series in Chemical Physics, vol 96. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02597-6_19

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-02596-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-02597-6

  • eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)

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