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Pathologie pp 641–651Cite as

Entzündliche und ätiologisch ungeklärte Neuropathien

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Zusammenfassung

In dieser klinisch besonders wichtigen, weil häufigen und therapierbaren Gruppe von Neuropathien sind die infektiösen Neuropathien, die bei Herpes zoster, AIDS, der in unseren Breitengraden seltenen Lepra, der Chagas-Krankheit und Lyme-Borreliose auftreten, zu unterscheiden von den hier wesentlich häufigeren entzündlichen Erkrankungen, bei denen keine Erreger nachweisbar sind und die daher vielfach als Autoaggressionskrankheiten oder immunbedingte Krankheiten des peripheren Nervensystems interpretiert werden. Zu den letztgenannten gehören die Polyneuritiden, namentlich die akute idiopathische entzündliche Polyradikuloneuritis (Guillain-Barré-Syndrom), die chronische rekurrierende oder chronisch-progressive inflammatorische (entzündliche) demyelinisierende Polyneuropathie (CIDP) und eine Vaskulitis, die auf das periphere Nervensystem begrenzt ist. Systemische entzündlichen Erkrankungen der Gefäße der peripheren Nerven sind im eigenen Untersuchungsgut besonders häufig (s. unten: ca. 20 primäre und 24 sekundäre Vaskulitisformen!), ebenso Neuropathien aufgrund von Erkrankungen des lymphoretikulären Systems bzw. bei Dysproteinämien (einschl. der Paraproteinämien). Wesentlich seltener sind entzündliche Neuropathien, die bei der Sarkoidose oder der (sensorischen) Perineuritis auftreten.

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  1. Institut für Neuropathologie, Universitätsklinikum der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Deutschland

    J. Michael Schröder

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  1. Institut für Pathologie Konsultationszentrum für Pankreas- und Endokrine Tumore, TU München, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, München, Deutschland

    Günter Klöppel (Werkherausgeber) (Werkherausgeber)

  2. Zentrum Pathologie und Rechtsmedizin, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland

    Hans H. Kreipe (Werkherausgeber) (Werkherausgeber)

  3. Institut für Pathologie, Kliniken der Landeshauptstadt, Ludwig-Erhard-Straße 100, 65199, Wiesbaden, Deutschland

    Wolfgang Remmele (Werkherausgeber) (Werkherausgeber)

  4. Institut für Neuropathologie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Domagkstraße 19, 48149, Münster, Deutschland

    Werner Paulus (Bandherausgeber) (Bandherausgeber)

  5. Institut für Neuropathologie, Universitätsklinikum der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Deutschland

    J. Michael Schröder (Bandherausgeber) (Bandherausgeber)

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Schröder, J. (2012). Entzündliche und ätiologisch ungeklärte Neuropathien. In: Klöppel, G., Kreipe, H., Remmele, W., Paulus, W., Schröder, J. (eds) Pathologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02324-8_24

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