Zusammenfassung
Endothelzellen sind entscheidend an der Regulation der Gerinnung sowie an der Aufrechterhaltung des Gleichgewichtes zwischen pro- und antithrombotischen Faktoren beteiligt. Im physiologischen Zustand stellt das Endothel eine nichtthrombogene Oberfläche dar, welche die Aktivierung der Plättchen und der Gerinnungskaskade verhindert und den Gefäßttonus reguliert. In diesen Prozessen spielen für die Hemmung bzw. Aktivierung der Thrombozyten sowohl die Balance zwischen Prostazyklin und seinem endogenen Gegenspieler Thromboxan A2 als auch die zwischen Stickstoffmonoxid (NO) und den biologisch hochaktiven Sauerstoffradikalen eine wichtige Rolle. In der Entwicklung der Atherosklerose gerät diese Balance bereits auf der ersten Stufe der endothelialen Dysfunktion aus dem Gleichgewicht, und atherogene und prokoagulatorische Faktoren gewinnen die Überhand.
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Steffel, J., Lüscher, T.F. (2010). Endothelzellen. In: Pötzsch, B., Madlener, K. (eds) Hämostaseologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01544-1_12
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