Zusammenfassung
Obwohl die erste erfolgreiche perkutane Steinentfernung von Rupel u. Brown [1] über einen operativ angelegten Nephrostomiekanal bereits 1941 beschrieben wurde, hat es bis zur Publikation von Fernstorm u. Johansson [2] im Jahr 1976 gedauert, ehe die perkutane Operationstechnik zum Ziel der Steinentfernung in die klinische Routine Eingang fand. Durch die extrakorporale Stoßwellenlithotripsie (ESWL) und die perkutane Nephrolitholapaxie (PNL) wurde die offene Steintherapie nahezu vollständig abgelöst.
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Varga, Z. (2009). Perkutane endoskopische Therapieverfahren der Niere. In: Hofmann, R. (eds) Endoskopische Urologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01167-2_20
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