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Molecular Therapies for Malignant Gliomas

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Therapeutic Ribonucleic Acids in Brain Tumors

Abstract

Due to the dismal prognosis of malignant glioma patients there is an urgent need for new innovative treatments based on a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of gliomagenesis. Several growth factor mediated molecular pathways are critically involved in glioma growth, invasiveness, and tumor neovascularization. Therefore, several concepts of molecular therapies directed against specific receptor-mediated signaling pathways are currently studied in preclinical and clinical settings. These concepts include monoclonal antibodies, small molecular inhibitors, and antisense oligodeoxynucleotides.

This book chapter highlights the recent developments in molecular therapies for malignant gliomas targeting crucial oncogenetic signaling pathways at the RNA- and protein levels. Finally, this review describes the potential role of such new molecular approaches in combination with established multimodality treatment concepts.

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Abbreviations

AAC:

Anaplastic astrocytoma

AG:

Anaplastic glioma

AOD:

Anaplastic oligodendroglioma

ASO:

Antisense oligonucleotide

DAG:

Diacylglycerol

EGF:

Epidermal growth factor

EGFR:

Epidermal growth factor receptor

ERK:

Extracellular signal regulated kinase

FGF:

Fibroblast growth factor

FGFR:

Fibroblast growth factor receptor

GBM:

Glioblastoma multiforme

GF:

Growth factor

Grb2:

Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2

IGF:

Insulin growth factor

IGFR:

Insulin growth factor receptor

LT:

Ligand linked targeted toxins

mAB:

Neutralizing monoclonal antibody

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

MEK:

MAPK/ERK kinase

mTOR:

Mammalian target of rapamycin

PDGF:

Platelet-derived growth factor

PDGFR:

Platelet-derived growth factor receptor

PI3K:

Phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase

PKC:

Protein kinase C

PLC:

Phospholipase C

rAAC:

Recurrent anaplastic astrocytoma

Ras-GAP:

GTPase-activating protein of Ras

Ras-GTP:

Ras-guanosine-triphosphate, active Ras

RTK:

Receptor tyrosine kinase

SMI-R:

Small molecule inhibitor of receptors

SMI-S:

Small molecule inhibitor of intracellular signaling molecules

SR:

Soluble receptor

TGF:

Transforming growth factor

TGFR:

Transforming growth factor receptor

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology (Neurooncology Group), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria

    Markus Hutterer & Günther Stockhammer

Authors
  1. Markus Hutterer
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  2. Günther Stockhammer
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Correspondence to Markus Hutterer .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Inst. Chemie und Biochemie, FU Berlin, Thielallee 63, Berlin, 14195, Germany

    Volker A. Erdmann

  2. Inst. Neuropathologie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany

    Guido Reifenberger

  3. Inst. Bioorganic Chemistry, PAN Poznan, ul. Z. Noskowskiego 12/14, Poznan, 61-704, Poland

    Jan Barciszewski

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© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Hutterer, M., Stockhammer, G. (2009). Molecular Therapies for Malignant Gliomas. In: Erdmann, V., Reifenberger, G., Barciszewski, J. (eds) Therapeutic Ribonucleic Acids in Brain Tumors. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00475-9_3

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