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Yeast Killer Toxins: Fundamentals and Applications

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Physiology and Genetics

Part of the book series: The Mycota ((MYCOTA,volume 15))

Abstract

Killer phenomena in yeast are due to the secretion of polypeptides with a lethal or growth-inhibitory effect on competing strains. Yeast killer toxins display structural heterogeneity, ranging in size from small peptides to large protein complexes. Accordingly, they attack various constituents of sensitive cells, including the cell wall and plasma membrane, but also intracellular targets such as the replication machinery and tRNAs. The genetic basis of toxin production is similarly variable, as it may be encoded chromosomally or by cytoplasmic elements of viral origin, i.e. dsRNA-containing virus-like particles and extranuclear linear dsDNA plasmids. As in both of the latter, toxin production is genetically linked with respect to immunity, cytoplasmically encoded killer sytems facilitate auto-selection of associated genetic elements. This chapter presents current knowledge about the distribution of yeast killer toxins, their structure, mode of action and resistance and their applications in agriculture, food industry, medicine and in basic research.

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Acknowledgement.

Financial support by the Deutsche Forschungs Gemeinschaft (DFG) grant no. ME 1142/5-1 is gratefully acknowledged.

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  1. Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 3, 48149, Münster, Germany

    Friedhelm Meinhardt & Roland Klassen

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Meinhardt, F., Klassen, R. (2009). Yeast Killer Toxins: Fundamentals and Applications. In: Anke, T., Weber, D. (eds) Physiology and Genetics. The Mycota, vol 15. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00286-1_6

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