Abstract
The most frequent partial aplasia of the femur is the proximal femoral focal deficiency (PFFD), when the femur is shortened, flexed, abducted, and externally rotated. Flexion contractures of the hip and knee are present. The overall frequency of PFFD is 1/100,000. Bilateral involvement is seen in 15% of the cases. The etiology of PFFD is not known exactly, but may be due to a defect in maturation and proliferation of chondrocytes in the proximal growth plate (such injuries include anoxia, ischemia, irradiation, infections and toxins, etc). No evidence indicates a genetic etiology. Approximately 50% of patients with PFFD have other limb anomalies as fibular deficiency and valgus feet, cleft palate, clubfoot, congenital heart defects, and spinal anomalies.
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© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Bejek, Z., Sólyom, L., Szendrői, M. (2009). Hip. In: Szendröi, M., Sim, F.H. (eds) Color Atlas of Clinical Orthopedics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85561-3_18
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85561-3_18
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-85560-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-85561-3
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