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MicroRNAs and Their Potential

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RNA Technologies in Cardiovascular Medicine and Research

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Abstract

With the advent of microRNA (miRNA) we are compelled to revise our understanding of the mechanisms underlying gene regulation during health and disease. A miRNA is approximately 21 ribonucleotides long, genetically encoded, with a potential to recognize multiple mRNA targets guided by sequence complementarity and RNA-binding proteins. This class of molecules is functionally versatile, with the capacity to specifically inhibit translation initiation or elongation, as well as induce mRNA degradation, through predominantly targeting the 3′-untranslated regions of mRNA. Early on it was realized that the levels of individual miRNA varied under different developmental, biological, or pathological conditions, thus implicating these molecules in normal and pathological cellular attributes. In this chapter, we will discuss how the functions of miRNA relate to our existing knowledge on post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression that is the underlying mechanism of many diseases, including cardiac hypertrophy and failure, and their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in diseases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Room 1-517, 185 S Orange Ave, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA

    M. Abdellatif

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Chemistry/Biochemistry, Free University of Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany

    Volker A. Erdmann

  2. Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charite University Medicine Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200, Berlin, Germany

    Wolfgang Poller

  3. Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12, 61-704, Poznan, Poland

    Jan Barciszewski

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Abdellatif, M. (2008). MicroRNAs and Their Potential. In: Erdmann, V.A., Poller, W., Barciszewski, J. (eds) RNA Technologies in Cardiovascular Medicine and Research. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-78709-9_2

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