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Defining Design Targets for Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

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Book cover Fundamentals of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

Abstract

Biological tissues are extremely complex three-dimensional (3D) structures with concomitant complicated mechanical function and mass transport characteristics. Tissue engineering seeks to recapitulate this complex structure and function using biomaterial scaffolds delivering therapeutic biologics such as cells, proteins, and genes for tissue reconstruction. It is clear that the biomaterial/biologic construct cannot replicate the complex tissue milieu, including multiple cell types interacting with numerous cytokines to produce extracellular matrices having hierarchical features exhibiting highly nonlinear, biphasic mechanical function. The biomaterial/biologic construct is, at best, a crude approximation to the normal tissue milieu. To improve the clinical potential of tissue engineering/regenerative medicine, we must be able to relate the goodness of this approximation to the success of tissue regeneration. In essence, we must be able to define relevant design criteria for tissue engineering therapies. For the scaffold, the focus of this chapter, the pertinent question becomes: “How closely does a biomaterial scaffold have to approximate the normal tissue structure, mechanical function, mass transport, and cell-matrix interaction as a function of time to achieve desired tissue reconstruction?”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Surgery and Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2200 Bonisteel Boulevard, 41809, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    Scott J. Hollister

  2. Scaffold Tissue Engineering Group and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2208 Lurie Biomedical Engineering Building, 1101 Beal Avenue, 48109-2099, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    Elly E. Liao, Erin N. Moffitt, Claire G. Jeong & Jessica M. Kemppainen

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  2. Elly E. Liao
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany

    Ulrich Meyer  & Jörg Handschel  & 

  2. Department of Experimental Maxillofacial Surgery, Biomineralisation and Tissue Engineering Group, University of Münster, Waldeyerstraße 30, 48149, Münster, Germany

    Hans Peter Wiesmann

  3. Department of Internal Medicine – Cardiology, University Hospital Marburg, Baldingerstraße 1, 35033, Marburg, Germany

    Thomas Meyer

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Hollister, S., Liao, E., Moffitt, E., Jeong, C., Kemppainen, J. (2009). Defining Design Targets for Tissue Engineering Scaffolds. In: Meyer, U., Handschel, J., Wiesmann, H., Meyer, T. (eds) Fundamentals of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77755-7_38

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