Abstract
Global warming has received increasing public attention during the past years. The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is one of the three flexible mechanisms established by the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Similar to Emission Trading and Joint Implementation, CDM is a market-based approach (Michaelowa 2004), but obtains a special position in integrating developing countries into combating climate change. Although in theory effectively designed in ecological and economic terms (Pohlmann 2004), in reality problems arise from certain project criteria related to aspects of additionality and sustainability. Furthermore, CDM projects are inequitably distributed (Jung 2005) among potential host countries. Therefore many debates arise as to whether activities under the CDM actually lead to sustainable development and contribute to climate change mitigation. This chapter briefly outlines the theoretical concept of the CDM and critical aspects of criteria such as additionality, sustainability and the distribution of projects. Special attention is given to implications for Brazil, since the country is one of the most important hosts for activities under the Clean Development Mechanism. The case of Brazil shows that inequitable distribution of CMD projects is not only a phenomenon on global scale, but also occurs within host countries. Activities tend to concentrate in the rather well developed parts, while the number of projects in less developed region is very limited.
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Noack, S. (2011). The Clean Development Mechanism Worldwide and in Brazil. In: Schmidt, M., Onyango, V., Palekhov, D. (eds) Implementing Environmental and Resource Management. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77568-3_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77568-3_8
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