We consider the effect that experimental changes in the magnetic induction B have in causing an orbitally quantized field-induced spin- or charge density wave (FISDW or FICDW) state to depart from thermodynamic equilibrium. The competition between elastic forces of the density wave (DW) and pinning leads to the realization of a critical state that is in many ways analogous to that realized within the vortex state of type II superconductors. Such a critical state has been verified experimentally in charge-transfer salts of the composition α-(BEDTTTF) 2 MHg(SCN)4, but should be a generic property of all orbitally quantized DW phases. The metastable state consists of a balance between the DW pinning force and the Lorentz force on extended currents associated with drifting cyclotron orbits, resulting in the establishment of persistent currents throughout the bulk and to the possibly of a three-dimensional ‘chiral metal’ that extends deep into the interior of a crystal.
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Harrison, N., McDonald, R.D., Singleton, J. (2008). Orbitally Quantized Density-Wave States Perturbed from Equilibrium. In: Lebed, A. (eds) The Physics of Organic Superconductors and Conductors. Springer Series in Materials Science, vol 110. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76672-8_18
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