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Cerebral Monitoring

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Springer Handbook of Medical Technology

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Abstract

In this chapter, two kinds of cerebral monitoring are presented: electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring and intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring. EEG monitoring is used in the operating room to assess the depth of hypnosis during anesthesia and to detect effects of hypoxia and of induced hypothermia. In intensive care unit patients, EEG monitoring can be used for the control of sedation, for therapy control, e.g. in status epilepticus, for the assessment of the patient’s current clinical status and trends thereof, and as an exploratory diagnostic tool with respect to epileptiform activity and focal brain disorders. Hypnotic drug effects are accompanied in a dose related manner by a slowing of the EEG. These EEG changes can be classified automatically. Especially through the automatic interpretation, EEG monitoring can be carried out as a routine method for patient monitoring with little effort. The aim of detecting and treating elevated ICP is to avoid secondary damage to the brain. The most common indication for ICP monitoring is trauma to the head. Methods for ICP measurement with higher invasiveness include intraventricular, intraparenchymal, or subdural catheter localisations. A less invasive method is epidural cerebral pressure measurement.

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Authors
  1. Barbara Schultz
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  2. Arthur Schultz
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  3. Harald Kronberg
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Titisee, Germany

    Rüdiger Kramme

  2. Medical Engineering and Neuroprosthetics, Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering, St. Ingbert, Germany

    Klaus-Peter Hoffmann

  3. Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA

    Robert S. Pozos

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© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Schultz, B., Schultz, A., Kronberg, H. (2011). Cerebral Monitoring. In: Kramme, R., Hoffmann, KP., Pozos, R.S. (eds) Springer Handbook of Medical Technology. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74658-4_51

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74658-4_51

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-74657-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-74658-4

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

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