Zusammenfassung
Weichgewebstumoren sind selten und durch eine außerordentliche klinischpathologische Heterogenität gekennzeichnet. Durch die zunehmende Kooperation von Klinikern, Pathologen und Zytogenetikern ist es in den letzten Jahren gelungen, erhebliche Fortschritte in der Biologie, Diagnostik und Therapie dieser Tumoren zu erziehlen. Mesenchymale Tumoren werden nicht nach "histogenetischen" Gesichtspunkten sondern entsprechend der verwirklichten Differenzierungsrichtung klassifiziert. Neben benignen und malignen Weichgewebstumoren werden heute intermediär, lokal aggressive und intermediär, lokal aggressive und selten metastasierende Neoplasien unterschieden. Zusätzlich zu der Bestimmung der Differenzierungsrichtung ist der histologische Malignitätsgrad für viele (aber nicht für alle) Sarkome des Weichgewebes sehr wichtig für die Prognose und eine entsprechende Therapieplanung, wobei derzeit sowohl das FNCLCC als auch das NCI Graduierungssystem angewandt werden. Die Stadienteinteilung von Sarkomen des Weichgewebes erfolgt nach den Regeln der TNM-Klassifikation, wobei neben dem Malignitätsgrad die Tumorgröße, die Tumortiefe sowie Lymphknoten- und systemische Metastasen einbezogen werden. Üblicherweise planen Chirurgen, Radiotherapeuten, Onkologen und Pathologen gemeinsam eine effektive Therapie der betroffenen Sarkompatienten.
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Mentzel, T., Schneider-Stock, R. (2009). Weichgewebstumoren. In: Cardesa, A., Rudolph, P., Mentzel, T., Slootweg, P. (eds) Pathologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72885-6_11
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