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Location-Based Services

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Springer Handbook of Geographic Information

Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Abstract

Since a few years the Internet is going mobile. Applications that traditionally were targeted for the desktop or later the Web nowadays become increaslingly available on mobile plattforms. This is also true for GIS and geo-enabled applications. On the other hand, positioning technologies became ubiquitous in smartphones reaching finally the mass-market. Those mobile applications that make use of the current position of the mobile device (and thus the user) can be considered as Location-Based Services (LBS). This chapter gives an introduction to the LBS ecosystem (Sect. 21.1), provides a classification of LBS (Sect. 21.2), as well as example applications and services (Sect. 21.3). Finally, a brief overview about relevant standards in this context (Sect. 21.4), most notably the OGC OpenGIS Location Service (OpenLS) Implementation Specification is presented.

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Abbreviations

2-D:

two-dimensional

3-D:

three-dimensional

3G:

Third generation network technology

ADT:

abstract data type

CEO:

Chief Executive Officer

CERL:

US Army Corps of Engineers Construction Engineering Research Laboratory

DEM:

digital elevation model

EDGE:

Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution

ERS:

emergency route service

FCC:

US Federal Communications Commission

GIS:

Geographic Information System

GLONASS:

Globalnaya Navigatsionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema

GML:

Geography Markup Language

GMS:

Geo Mobility Server, GeoMobility Server

GPRS:

General Packet Radio Service

GPS:

Global Positioning System

GRASS:

Geographic Resources Analysis Support System

GSM:

Global System for Mobile communication

HSCSD:

High Speed Circuit Switched Data

IEC:

International Electrotechnical Commission

INSPIRE:

Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community

ISO:

International Organization for Standardization

LBS:

location-based services

MSN:

Microsoft Network

NSDI:

National Spatial Data Infrastructure

OGC:

Open Geospatial Consortium

OGF:

Open GRASS Foundation

OpenLS:

OpenGIS Location Services

PNA:

personal navigational assistant

POI:

Point-of-Interest

RFID:

Radio Frequency Identification

RM-ODP:

Reference Model for Open Distributed Processing

SLD:

Styled Layer Descriptor

UML:

Unified Modeling Language

UMTS:

Universal Mobile Telecommunication System

URL:

Uniform Resource Locator

WLAN:

wireless local area networks

WMS:

Web Map Server

Wimax:

Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access

XML:

Extensible Markup Language

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geography, University of Heidelberg, Berliner Str. 48, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany

    Alexander Zipf

  2. Head of Development, Heidelberg mobil International GmbH, Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg 33, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany

    Matthias M. Jöst

Authors
  1. Alexander Zipf
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  2. Matthias M. Jöst
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Alexander Zipf or Matthias M. Jöst .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Applied Sciences Neubrandenburg, Brodaer Str. 2, 17033, Neubrandenburg, Germany

    Wolfgang Kresse

  2. Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc., 8615 Westwood Center Drive, 22182-2214, Vienna, VA, USA

    David M. Danko

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© 2011 Springer-Verlag

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Zipf, A., Jöst, M.M. (2011). Location-Based Services. In: Kresse, W., Danko, D. (eds) Springer Handbook of Geographic Information. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72680-7_21

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