Abstract
The Catchment Analysis Tool (CAT) is a hydrological model that helps to define the surface and subsurface movement of water and nutrients in a catchment, and evaluate the impact of different farming systems and land management strategies on vegetative growth and productivity, stream quality, streamflows and groundwater. It was created in response to a growing desire by decision makers to be able to examine modified landscapes and look at the trade-offs in biophysical responses such as, crop yield, soil erosion, salinity and water dynamics.
The CAT captures the hydrological dynamics of the whole landscape by combining a suite of mature models that individually describe a variety of landscape processes such as crop growth, forest growth, grazing systems, water balance and groundwater models. The basic spatial and temporal input data required to run the CAT are generally commensurate with available data. These include land use, elevation, soil characteristics and climate data. Detailed analysis of groundwater systems and watertable mapping requires a full geophysical conceptualisation of the underlying groundwater systems and an extensive calibration process based on statistical optimisation, expert consultation, and modification of underlying assumptions about the groundwater systems being modelled.
At the catchment scale there are very few points in the landscape where relevant data are measured and captured, and as such, validation of the CAT remains challenging. Where possible modelled results are validated against data captured from stream gauges, bore data and point studies. This chapter describes the CAT,discusses briefly the individual components and their linkages, and provides a case study example of how the CAT can be used to inform a policy decision. A discussion of the weaknesses and difficulties inherent in the creation of such integrative modelling frameworks is also presented.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abbot MB, Bathurst JC, Cunge JA, O’Connell PE, Rasmussen J (1986) An introduction to the European hydrological system SHE, 1 History and philosophy of a physically-based distributed modelling system. Journal of Hydrology 87:45–59
Anwar MR, O’Leary G, McNeil D, Hossain H, Nelson R (2007) Climate change impact on rainfed wheat in south-eastern Australia. Fields Crops Research 104:139–147
Arnold JG, Allen PM (1999) Automated methods for estimating base flow and ground water recharge from streamflow records. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 35:165–179
Argent RM, Murray N, Podger G, Perraud J, Newham L (2005) E2 Catchment modelling software component models. Cooperative Research Centre for Catchment Hydrology, Canberra
Beverly, C (2007) Technical manual models of the catchment analysis tool (CAT1D Version 22). Department of Sustainability and Environment, Victoria
Beverly C, Bar M, Christy B, Hocking M, Smettem K (2005) Salinity impacts from land use change: comparisons between a rapid assessment approach and a detailed modelling framework. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45(2):1453–1469
BRS (2001) Land use mapping at catchment scale: principles, procedures and definitions, 1st edn. Department of Agriculture Fisheries and Forestry, Bureau of Rural Science, Canberra
Clark R (2005) Mapped discharge sites North Central catchment. Corporate Spatial Data Library, Department of Primary Industries, Victoria
Coram JE, Dyson PR, Houlder PA, Evans WR (2000) Australian groundwater flow systems contributing to dryland salinity. Bureau of Rural Sciences report for the National Land and Water Research Audit, Dryland Salinity Theme, Canberra
Christy B, Beverly C (2004) User manual catchment analysis tools: user manual version 6. Department of Primary Industries, Victoria
Christy B, Weeks A, Beverly C (2006) Application of the 2CSalt model to the Bet-Bet, Wild Duck, Gardiner and Sugarloaf catchments in Victoria. Department of Primary Industries, Victoria
Day C (1985) A study of the geomorphic, soil and geo-hydrological conditions of the Timor West/Black Ranges area. Land Protection Service, Conservation Forests and Lands, Victoria
Diersch HG (1998) FeFLOW: Finite element subsurface FLOW system. Institute for Water Resources Planning and Systems Research Ltd, Berlin
Evans R, Gilfedder M, Austin J (2004) Application of the Biophysical Capacity to Change (BC2C) model to the Little River (NSW). CSIRO Land and Water Technical Report No 16/04, March 2004
Ferwerda F (2003) Assessing the importance of remnant vegetation for maintaining biodiversity in rural landscapes using geospatial analysis. M.Sc. thesis, RMIT University, Melbourne
Hutchinson MF (2001) ANUClim Version 51. Retrieved 29 July 2004, http://cres.anu.edu.au/outputs/anuclim.php
Jeffrey S, Carter J, Moodie K, Beswick A (2001) Using spatial interpolation to construct a comprehensive archive of Australian climate data. Environmental Modelling and Software 16:309–330
Kevin P (1993) Groundwater and salinity processes in the uplands of the Loddon River catchment. Technical Report No. 5, Centre for Land Protection Research, Victoria
Littleboy M, Silburn DM, Freebairn DM, Woodruff DR, Hammer GL, Leslie JK (1992) Impact of soil erosion on production in cropping systems. I. Development and validation of a simulation model. Australian Journal of Soil Research 30:757–774
MacEwan R, Pettit C, Dorrough J, Suter H, Hossain H, Cherry D, Beverly C, Cheng X, Sposito V, Melland A, Huang Z, McNeill J, Hood A, Rab A, Sheffield K, Duncan D (2006) Landscape analysis models and frameworks – a review. Our Rural Landscape 11 – New Dimensions for Agricultural Landscapes. Department of Primary Industries, Victoria
McDonald MC, Harbaugh AW (1988) MODFLOW, a modular three-dimensional finite difference groundwater flow model. US Geological Survey, Washington DC
Neitsch SL, Arnold JG, Kiniry JR, Williams JR (2005) Soil and water assessment tool theoretical documentation version 2005. Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, Texas
Northcote K (1979) A factual key for the recognition of Australian Soils. Rellim Technical Publications Pty Ltd, South Australia
Rassam D, Littleboy M (2003) Identifying vertical and lateral components of drainage flux in hillslopes. In: Post, DA (ed) MODSIM 2003 International Congress on Modelling and Simulation, July 2003. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, pp 183–188
Smith C (2002) 1:250 000 Statewide soil attribute coverage documentation. Centre for Land Protection Research, Department of Primary Industries, Victoria
The MathWorks Inc (2007) Optimisation Toolbox 3 User’s Guide. Available at http://www.mathworks.com
Tuteja NK, Vaze B, Murphy G, Beale G (2004) CLASS: Catchment scale multiple- land use atmosphere soil water and solute transport model. Technical Report 04/12, Department of Infrastructure, Planning and Natural Resources, and Cooperative Research Centre for Catchment Hydrology, Canberra
VWD (2003) Victorian Water Database. Available at http://www.vicwaterdata.net
Weeks A, Beverly C, Christy B, McLean T (2005) Biophysical approach to predict salt and water loads to upland REALM nodes of Victorian catchments. In: Zerger A, Argent RM (eds) MODSIM 2005 International Congress on Modelling and Simulation Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, 12–15 December 2005, pp 2776–2782
Zhang L, Dawes W, Walker G (2001) Response of mean annual evapotranspiration to vegetation changes at a catchment scale. Water Resources Research 37:701–708
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Weeks, A., Christy, B., Lowell, K., Beverly, C. (2008). The Catchment Analysis Tool: Demonstrating the Benefits of Interconnected Biophysical Models. In: Pettit, C., Cartwright, W., Bishop, I., Lowell, K., Pullar, D., Duncan, D. (eds) Landscape Analysis and Visualisation. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69168-6_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69168-6_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-69167-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-69168-6
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)