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cGK Substrates

  • Chapter
cGMP: Generators, Effectors and Therapeutic Implications

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 191))

Abstract

Signalling of cGK (cGMP-dependent protein kinases) are mediated through phosphorylation of specific substrates. Several substrates of cGKI and cGKII were identified meanwhile. Some cGKI substrates are specifically regulated by the cGKIα or the cGKIβ isozyme. In various cells and tissues, different cGK substrates exist that are essential for the regulation of diverse functions comprising tissue contractility, cell motility, cell contact, cellular secretion, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation. On the molecular level, cGKI substrates fulfill various cellular functions regulating e.g. the intracellular calcium and potassium concentration, the calcium sensitivity, and the organisation of the intracellular cytoskeleton. cGKII substrates are involved e.g. in chloride transport, sodium/proton transport and transcriptional regulation. The understanding of cGK signalling and function depends strongly on the identification of further specific substrates. In the last years, diverse approaches ranging from biochemistry to genetic deletion lead to the identification and establishment of several substrates, which raised new insights in the molecular mechanisms of cGK functions and elucidated new cellular cGK functions. However, the analysis of the dynamic signalling of cGK in tissues and cells will be necessary to discover new signalling pathways and substrates.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, 93055, Germany

    Jens Schlossmann & Matthias Desch

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  1. Jens Schlossmann
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  2. Matthias Desch
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Correspondence to Jens Schlossmann .

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  1. Dept. Pharmacology, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia

    Harald H. H. W. Schmidt

  2. Inst. Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, TU München, Biedersteiner Str. 29, München, 80802, Germany

    Franz Hofmann

  3. Bayer Schering Pharma AG Cardiology Research, Pharma Research Center, Wuppertal, 42096, Germany

    Johannes-Peter Stasch

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Schlossmann, J., Desch, M. (2009). cGK Substrates. In: Schmidt, H.H.H.W., Hofmann, F., Stasch, JP. (eds) cGMP: Generators, Effectors and Therapeutic Implications. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 191. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68964-5_9

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