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Introduction to Bone Development, Remodelling and Repair

  • Chapter
Radiology of Osteoporosis

Part of the book series: Medical Radiology ((Med Radiol Diagn Imaging))

Abstract

Bone is a specialized form of mineralized connective tissue that is build by various types of metabolically active cells during embryonic and postnatal development. In the adult, the same cells contribute to the maintenance of structural and functional integrity, and accomplish the healing process following injury. Bone not only shows a marked rigidity and mechanical stability while still maintaining some degree of elasticity, but also constitutes the most important storage site for calcium and inorganic phosphate (Baron 1993). Osteoporosis is a systemic disease where rigidity and mechanical stability of bone declines, until bone loses the ability to withstand functional loading or weak traumata. A transient but disproportional bone loss of 20%–30% trabecular and 5%–10% cortical bone is most apparent in women during the first postmenopausal decade. The following slow phase accounts for 20%–30% of trabecular and cortical bone loss in both sexes. Epidemiologic data show that the lifetime risk to acquire hip fractures is 17% for white women and 6% for white men (Cummings and Melton 2002; Melton 1995).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral Surgery, Vienna University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 25a, 1090, Vienna, Austria

    Reinhard Gruber PhD (Associate Professor)

  2. Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria

    Peter Pietschmann MD (Associate Professor of Pathophysiology and Internal Medicine) & Meinrad Peterlik MD, PhD (Professor and Head)

  3. Ludwig Boltzmann-Institute of Aging Research, Langobardenstrasse 122, 1220, Vienna, Austria

    Peter Pietschmann MD (Associate Professor of Pathophysiology and Internal Medicine)

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  1. Reinhard Gruber PhD
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  1. Dr. Grampp & Dr. Henk OEG Röntgenordination, Univ. Dozent, Lenaustrasse 23, 2000, Stockerau, Austria

    Stephan Grampp MD

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Gruber, R., Pietschmann, P., Peterlik, M. (2008). Introduction to Bone Development, Remodelling and Repair. In: Grampp, S. (eds) Radiology of Osteoporosis. Medical Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68604-0_1

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