Skip to main content

Hair Follicle Vascularization and Innervation

  • Chapter
  • 5547 Accesses

Abstract

• Advances in immunohistochemical techniques and the development of antibodies specific for nerves, neuropeptides, lymphatics and endothelial cells have given investigators the opportunity to visualize all cutaneous nerves endothelial and endothelial- derived cells.

• The use of confocal laser scanning microscopy offers additional sensitivity and the ability to view cutaneous structures in three dimensions.

• The development of mouse mutants with functional deletions or overexpression of genes coding for neurotrophins, neuropeptides, their receptors, or endothelial cell proteins provides the tools for elucidating the significance of piloneural, piloendothelial or neuroendothelial interactions.

• Neural/endothelial/pilar interactions can now be examined with many different types of techniques.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   299.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Amoh Y, Li L, Yang M, Moossa AR, Katsuoka K, Penman, Hoffman RM. Nascent blood vessels in the skin arise from nestin-expressing hair follicle cells (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:13291–13295.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Arbiser JL. Angiogenesis and the skin: a primer (1996) J Am Acad Dermatol 34:486–497.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Bevin S, Szolscanyi J. Sensory neuron-specific actions of capsaicin: mechanism and applications (1990) TIPS 11:330–333.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Birge RB, Wadsworth S, Akakura R, Abeysinghe H, Kanojia R, MacIelag M, Desbarats J, Escalante M, Singh K, Sundarababu S, Parris K, Childs G, August A, Siekierka J, Weinstein DE. A role for schwann cells in the neuroregenerative effects of a non-immunosuppressive fk506 derivative, jnj460 (2004) Neuroscience 124(2):351–366.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Botchkarev VA, Botchkareva NV, Peters EM, Paus R. Epithelial growth control by neurotrophins: leads and lessons from the hair follicle. Prog Brain Res. 2004;146:493–513

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Botchkarev VA, Eichmuller S, Johansson O, Paus R. Hair cycle-dependent plasticity of skin and hair follicle innervation in normal murine skin (1997) J Comp Neurol 386(3):379–395.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Botchkarev VA, Yaar M, Peters EM, Raychaudhuri SP, Botchkareva NV, Marconi A, Raychaudhuri SK, Parus R, Bincelli C. Neurotrophins in skin biology and pathology (2006) J Invest Dermatol 126:1719–1727.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Bull HA, Hothersall J, Chowdhury N, Cohen J, Dowd PM. Neuropeptides induce release of nitric oxide from human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (1996) J Invest Dermatol 106:655–660.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Cormia FE, Ernyey A. Circulatory changes in alopecia: preliminary report with a summary of the cutaneous circulation of the normal scalp (1961) Arch Dermatol 84:772.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Cornatzer E, Ericson M, Wilcox G, Boeck C, Benlhabib E, Hordinsky M. Altered peripheral nerve function in alopecia areata (2007) J Invest Dermatol 127:S52:A311.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Cutrer FM, Pittelkow MR. Cephalgic alopecia areata: a syndrome of neuralgiform head pain and hair loss responsive to botulinum A toxin injection (2006) Cephalalgia 26:747–751.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Gold B, Yew J, Zeleny-Pooley M. The immunosuppressant FK506 increases GAP-43 mRNA levels in axotomized sensory neurons (1998) Neurosci Lett 241(1):25–28.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Gomori G. Microscopic Histochemistry: Principles and Practice (1952) Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press, pp 210–212.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Halata Z. Sensory innervation of the hairy skin (light- and electronmicroscopic study) (1993) J Invest Dermatol 101:75S–81S.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Hoffman RM. The potential of nestin-expressing hair follicle stem cells in regenerative medicine (2007) Expert Opin Biol Ther 7:289–291.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Hordinsky M, Ericson ME. Relationship between follicular nerve supply and alopecia (1996) Dermatol Clin 14:651–660.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Hordinsky MK, Ericson ME, Wilcox GL. 180 days of topical capsaicin (Zostrix HP, 0.075%) to the scalp of two patients with extensive alopecia areata: effect on nerves and neuropeptides (2005) J Invest Dermatol 124 (54):A102.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Hordinsky M, Steiner JP, Sundberg JP, Guanche A, Ericson M. Neuroimmunophilin ligand analogs induce anagen hair growth in C57BL/6J mice (2004) J Invest Dermatol 122(3):A114.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Klemp P, Lindskov R, Staberg B. Subcutaneous blood flow in alopecia areata (1984) Clin Exp Dermatol 9:181–185.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. McElwee K, Rushton D, Trachy R, Oliver R. Topical FK506: a potent immunotherapy for alopecia areata? Studies using the Dundee experimental bald rat model (1997) Br J Dermatol 137(4):491–497.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Mecklenburg L, Tobin DJ, Muller-Rover S, Handjiski B, Wendt G, Peters EMJ, Pohl S, Moll I, Paus R. Active hair growth (anagen) is associated with angiogenesis (2000) J Invest Dermatol 114:909–916.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Montagna W, Ellis RA. Histology and Cytochemistry of Human Skin. XIII. The Blood Supply of the Hair Follicle (1957) J Natl Cancer Inst 19:451–463.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Oaklander AL, Siegel SM. Cutaneous innervation: form and function (2005) J Am Acad Dermatol 53:1027–1037.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Oliver G. Lymphatic vasculature development (2004) Nature Rev 4:35–45.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Paus R, Heinzelmann T, Schulz KD, Furkert J, Fechner K, Czarnetzki BM. Hair growth induction by substance P (1994) Lab Invest 71:134–140.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Peters EMJ, Botchkarev VA, Botchkareva MV, Tobin DJ, Paus R. Hair-cycle-associated remodeling of the peptidergic innervation of murine skin, and hair growth modulation by neuropeptides (2001) J Invest Dermatol 116:236–245.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Peters EMJ, Ericson M, Hosoi J, Seiffert K, Hordinsky MK, Ansel JC, Paus R, Scholzen TE (2006) Neuropeptide control mechanisms in cutaneous biology: physiological and clinical significance. J Invest Dermatol 126:1937–1947.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Podgrabinska S, Pascal B, Velasco P, Kloos B, Pepper M, Jackson DG, Skobe M. Molecular characterization of lymphatic endothelial cells (2002) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99: 16069–16074.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Rossi R, Del Bianco E, Isolani D, Baccari MC, Cappugi P. Possible involvement of neruopeptidergic sensory nerves in alopecia areata (1997) NeuroReport 8:1135–1138.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Sakita S, Ohtani O, Nakatani T, Morohashi M. Three-dimensional microvascular architecture of hair follicle by electron microscopy (1994) Electron Microscopy in Dermatology – Basic and Clinical Research. Eds. Y Ishibashi, H Nakagawa, H Suzuki. Elsevier Science BV, Amsterdam.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Sakita S, Kagoura MK, Toyoda M, Morohashi M. The induction by topical minoxidil of increased fenestration in the perifollicular wall (1999) Br J Dermatol 140:294–296.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Siebenhaar F, Sharov AA,Peters EM, Sharova TY, Syska W, Mardaryev AN, Freyschmidt-Paul P, Sundberg JP, Maurer M, Botchkarev VA. Substance P as an immunomodulatory neuropeptide in a mouse model for autoimmune hair loss alopecia areata). (2007) J Invest Dermatol 127:1489–1497.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Snyder SH, Sabatini DM, Lai MM, Steiner JP Hamilton GS, Suzdak PD. Neural action of immunophilin ligands (1998) Trends Pharmacol Sci 19(1):21–26.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Steiner JP, Hamilton GS, Ross DT, Valentine HL, Guo H, Connolly MA, et al. Neurotrophic immunophilin ligands stimulate structural and functional recovery in neurodegenerative animal models (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:2018–2024.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Sundberg JP, King LE. Mouse alopecia areata models: an array of data on mechanisms and genetics (2003) J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc 8:173–175.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Winkelmann RK. The innervation of a hair follicle (1959) Ann N Y Acad Sci 83:400–407.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer London

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hordinsky, M., Ericson, M. (2008). Hair Follicle Vascularization and Innervation. In: Blume-Peytavi, U., Tosti, A., Trüeb, R. (eds) Hair Growth and Disorders. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-46911-7_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-46911-7_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-46908-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-46911-7

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics