Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A Preference Clustering Protocol for Large-Scale Multicast Applications

  • Conference paper
Networked Group Communication (NGC 1999)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 1736))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

IP Multicast has enabled a variety of large-scale applications on the Internet which would otherwise bombard the network and the content servers if unicast communication was used. However, the efficiency of multicast is often constrained by preference heterogeneity, where receivers range in their preferences for application data. We examine an approach in which approximately similar preferences are clustered together and transmitted on a limited number of multicast addresses, while consuming bounded total session bandwidth. We present a protocol called Matchmaker that coordinates sources and receivers to perform clustering. The protocol is designed to be scalable, fault tolerant and reliable through the use of decentralized design, soft-state operations and sampling techniques. Our simulation results show that clustering can reduce the amount of superfluous data at the receivers for certain preference distributions. By factoring in application-level semantics into the protocol, it can work with different application requirements and data type characteristics. We discuss how three different applications—stock quote dissemination, distributed network games, and session directory services—can specialize the protocol to perform clustering and achieve better resource utilization.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Amir, E., McCanne, S., Katz, R.: Receiver-driven bandwidth adaptation for light-weight sessions. In: ACM Multimedia 1997, Seattle, WA (November 1997)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Amir, E., McCanne, S., Katz, R.: An Active Service Framework and its Application to Real-time Multimedia Transcoding. In: Proceedings of Sigcomm, Vancouver, Canada (September 1998)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Amir, E., McCanne, S., Zhang, H.: An application-level video gateway. In: Proceedings of ACM Multimedia 1995, ACM, New York (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Ammar, M.H., Wu, L.: Improving the Throughput of Point-to-Multipoint ARQ Protocols through Destination Set Splitting. In: Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM 1992, Florence, Italy (May 1992)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Ballardie, T., Francis, P., Crowcroft, J.: Core Based Trees (CBT): An Architecture for Scalable Inter-Domain Multicast Routing. In: Proceedings of SIGCOMM 1993, pp. 85–95. ACM, San Francisco (1993)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  6. Birman, K., Chiper, A., Stephenson, P.: Lightweight causal and atomic group multicast. ACM Transactions on Computer Systems 9(3), 272–314 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Breslau, L., Cao, P., Fan, L., Phillips, G., Shenker, S.: Web Caching and Zipf-like Distributions: Evidence and Implications. In: Proceedings of INFOCOM, New York, NY (March 1999)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Cheung, S.Y., Ammar, M.H.: Using Destination Set Grouping to Improve the Performance of Window-Controlled Multipoint Connections. Computer Communications Journal 19, 723–736 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Cheung, S.Y., Ammar, M.H., Li, X.: On the Use of Destination Set Grouping to Improve Fairness in Multicast Video Distribution. In: Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM 1996, San Francisco, CA (March 1996)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Deering, S., Estrin, D., Farinacci, D., Jacobson, V.: An Architecture for Wide-Area Multicast Routing. In: Proceedings of SIGCOMM 1994, University College London, London, U.K, ACM, New York (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Floyd, S., Jacobson, V., Liu, C.-G., McCanne, S., Zhang, L.: A reliable multicast framework for light-weight sessions and application level framing. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Handley, M.: SAP: Session Announcement Protocol. Internet Draft, November 19 ( 1996)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Handley, M., Jacobson, V.: SDP: Session Directory Protocol. Internet Draft, March 26 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Hartigan, J.: Clustering Algorithms. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester (1975)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  15. Holbrook, H.W., Cheriton, D.R.: IP Multicast Channels: EXPRESS Support for Large-Scale Single-Source Applications. In: Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM, Harvard, MA (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Jacobson, V.: SIGCOMM 1994 Tutorial: Multimedia conferencing on the Internet (August 1994)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Lee, J.S.: Overview of the Technical Basis of Qualcomm’s CDMA Cellular Telephone System Design. In: Proceedings of ICCS (November 1994)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Levine, B., Garcia-Luna-Aceves, J.: Internet Multicast Based on Group-Relative Addressing. Tech. rep., University of California at Santa Cruz (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Levine, B., Crowcroft, J., Diot, C., Garcia-Luna-Aceves, J., Kurose, J.: Consideration of Receiver Interest in Content for IP Delivery. Tech. rep., University of California at Santa Cruz (1999) (submitted for publication)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Macedonia, M.R., Zyda, M.J., Pratt, D.R., Brutzman, D.P., Barham, P.T.: Exploiting Reality with Multicast Groups: A Network Architecture for Large-Scale Virtual Environments. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 15(5), 38–45 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. MacKie-Mason, J.K., Varian, H.R.: Pricing the Internet. Public Access to the Internet. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  22. McCanne, S., et al.: Towards a Common Infrastructure for Multimedia-Networking Middleware. In: Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop on Network and OS Support for Digital Audio and Video. ACM, New York (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  23. McCanne, S., Jacobson, V., Vetterli, M.: Receiver-driven layered multicast. In: Proceedings of SIGCOMM 1996. ACM, New York (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  24. McCanne, S.R.: Scalable Multimedia Communication with Internet Multicast, Light-weight Sessions, and the MBone. Tech. Rep. CSD-98-1002, U.C. Berkeley (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Pullen, J.M., White, E.L.: Analysis of Dual-Mode Multicast for Large Scale DIS Exercises. In: Proceedings of 13th DIS Workship on Standards for Interoperability of Distributed Simulations (September 1995)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Pullen, J.M., White, E.L.: Simulation of Dual-Mode Multicast Using Real-World Data. In: Proceedings of 14th DIS Workship on Standards for Interoperability of Distributed Simulations (March 1996)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Radoslavov, P.I., Govindan, R., Estrin, D.: Exploiting the Bandwidth-Memory Tradeoff in Multicast State Aggregation. Tech. rep., University of Southern California/ISI (1999) (submitted for publication)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Raman, S., McCanne, S.: Scalable Data Naming for Application Level Framing in Reliable Multicast. In: Proceedings of ACM Multimedia 1998, ACM, New York (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Raman, S., McCanne, S.: A Model, Analysis, and Protocol Framework for Soft State-based Communication. In: SIGCOMM 1999, Harvard, MA (September 1999)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Schooler, E.: A Multicast User Directory Service for Synchronious Rendezvous. Tech. rep., California Institute of Technology (September 1996)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Schuett, A., Raman, S., Chawathe, Y., McCanne, S., Katz, R.: A Softstate Protocol for Accessing Multimedia Archives. In: Proceedings of 8th International Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video (NOSSDAV), Cambridge, UK (July 1998)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Schulzrinne, H., Casner, S., Frederick, R., Jacobson, V.: RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications. Internet Engineering Task Force, Audio-Video Transport Working Group (November 1991); Internet Draft expires 3/1/96

    Google Scholar 

  33. Speakman, T., Farinacci, D., Lin, S., Tweedly, A.: Pretty Good Multicast (PGM) Transport Protocol Specification (January 1998); Internet Draft (RFC pending)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Swan, A., McCanne, S., Rowe, L.: Layered Transmission and Caching for the Multicast Session Directory Service. In: Proceedings of ACM Multimedia (September 1998)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Thaler, D., Handley, M.: On the Aggregatability of Multicast Forwarding State. Tech. Rep. MSR-TR-99-34, Microsoft Research (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  36. van Renesse, R., Birman, K.P., Maffeis, S.H.: A Flexible Group Communication System. Communications of the ACM (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Vicisano, L., Rizzo, L., Crowcroft, J.: TCP-like congestion control for layered multicast data transfer. In: Proceedings of INFOCOM, San Francisco, CA (March 1998)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Wong, T., Katz, R., McCanne, S.: Efficient Multi-Party Applications using Preference Clustering. Tech. rep. (July 1999) (submitted for publication)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Yano, K., McCanne, S.: The Breadcrumb Forwarding Service and the Digital Fountain Rainbow: Toward a TCP-Friendly Reliable Multicast. Tech. rep., University of California at Berkeley (1999) (submitted for publication)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Computer Science Division, University of California, Berkeley

    Tina Wong, Randy Katz & Steven McCanne

Authors
  1. Tina Wong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Randy Katz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Steven McCanne
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dip. Ing. dell’Informatione, Università die Pisa, Via Diotisalvi 2, I-56126, Pisa, Italy

    Luigi Rizzo

  2. Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris 6,  

    Serge Fdida

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Wong, T., Katz, R., McCanne, S. (1999). A Preference Clustering Protocol for Large-Scale Multicast Applications. In: Rizzo, L., Fdida, S. (eds) Networked Group Communication. NGC 1999. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 1736. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-46703-8_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-46703-8_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-66782-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-46703-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation