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Mammalian Smooth Muscle Differentiation: Origins, Markers and Transcriptional Control

  • Chapter
Vertebrate Myogenesis

Part of the book series: Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation ((RESULTS,volume 38))

Abstract

Three principal muscle types have evolved in essentially all vertebrate species to carry out functions related to cellular contraction. Traditionally, the three muscle types — cardiac, skeletal and smooth — have been distinguished by their unique structural and functional attributes. In recent years, great strides have been made with respect to the molecular characteristics of each muscle type and the regulatory pathways and factors governing muscle cell lineage determination and differentiation. This is especially true with skeletal and cardiac muscle where several transcription factors have been assigned critical roles in orchestrating developmental programmes unique to these two sarcomeric muscle types. The myogenic regulatory factors in skeletal muscle (myf5, MyoD, myogenin, and MRF4) have, indeed, formed the basis of a paradigm of cellular differentiation (Olson 1990). This paradigm has subsequently been extended to cardiac muscle where related transcription factors (e.g., dHAND) have been cloned and shown, through genetic means, to be essential for normal cardiogenesis (Olson and Srivastava 1996). The relative ease in which progress has been made with the two sarcomeric muscle types probably reflects their wellcircumscribed points of origin and their terminal differentiation.

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  1. Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Box 679, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA

    Joseph M. Miano

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  1. Institute of Anatomy II, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Albertstraße 17, 79104, Freiburg, Germany

    Beate Brand-Saberi

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Miano, J.M. (2002). Mammalian Smooth Muscle Differentiation: Origins, Markers and Transcriptional Control. In: Brand-Saberi, B. (eds) Vertebrate Myogenesis. Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation, vol 38. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-45686-5_2

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