Abstract
Infrared heterodyne spectroscopy is a convenient technique for measuring atomic and molecular spectral lines with high sensitivity and specificity. The instrumental spectral resolving power can be made arbitrarily high although signal-to-noise considerations limit the maximum useful resolving powers (λ/∆λ) to ∽107 for passive sensing. Nevertheless, this provides the capability to resolve completely individual spectral lines, even when the line shapes are doppler-limited at temperature/molecular mass ratios as low as ∽2K/amu. Since the heterodyne process beats the source radiation against a laser local oscillator whose frequency is precisely known (typically to better than 1/107), the methodology provides very precise internal frequency calibration enabling great specificity in line identification and measurement of source motion.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Reférences
D. L. Spears, “IR Detectors: Heterodyne and Direct,” this proceedings.
G. Chin, D. Buhl, J. M. Florez, “Acouso-Optic Spectrometer for Radio Astironomy,” Heterodyne Systems and Technology, NASA CP-2138 (1980).
M. M. Abbas, T. Kostiuk, M. J. Mumma, D. Buhl, V. G. Kunde, and L. W. Brown, “Stratospheric Ozone Measurement with an Infrared Heterodyne Spectrometer,” Geophys. Res. Letters 5, 317 (1978).
M. J. Mumma, D. Buhl, G. Chin, D. Deming, F. Espenak, T. Kostiuk, and D. Zipoy, “Discovery of Natural Gain Amplification in the 10μm CO2 Laser Bands on Mars: A Natural Laser”, Science, 212, 45 (1981).
J. J. Hillman, T. Kostiuk, D. Buhl, J. L. Faris, J. C. Novaco, and M. J. Mumma, “Precision Measurements of NH3 Spectral Lines near 11 μm Using the Infrared Heterodyne Technique,” Optics Letters 1, 81 (1981).
M. S. Shumate, R. T. Menzies, W. B. Grant, and d. S. McDougal, “Laser Absorption Spectrometer: Remote Measurement of Tropospheric Ozone,” Appl. Opt. 20, 545 (1981).
R. T. Menzies, C. W. Rutledge, R. A. Zanteson, and D. L. Spears, “Balloon-borne Laser Heterodyne Radiometer for Measurements of Stratospheric Trace Species,” Appl. Opt. 20, 536 (1981).
M. Mumma, T. Kostiuk, S. Cohen, D. Buhl, and P. C. von Thuna, “Infrared Heterodyne Spectroscopy of Astronomical and Laboratory Sources at 8.5 μm,” Nature, 253, 514 (1975).
D. A. Glenar, T. Kostiuk, D. E. Jennings, D. Buhl, and M. J. Mumma, “A Tuneable Diode Laser Heterodyne Spectrometer for Remote Observations Near 8 Microns,” Applied Optics 21, 253 (1982).
M. A. Johnson, A. L. Betz, R. H. McLaren, E. C. Sutton, and C. H. Townes, “Non-thermal 10 μm CO2 Emission Lines in the Atmospheres of Mars and Venus,” Ap. J. 208, L145 (1976).
C. N. Harward and J. M. Hoell, “Atmospheric Solar Absorption Measurements in the 9–11 μm Region using a Diode Laser Heterodyne Spectrometer,” Heterodyne Systems and Technology, NASA CP-2138 (1980).
J. D. Rogers, M. J. Mumma, T. Kostiuk, D. Deming, J. J. Hillman, J. Faris, and D. Zipoy, “Is there any Chlorine Monoxide in the Earth’s Stratosphere?”, Science (submitted).
R. T. Menzies, “Remote Measurement of CO in the Stratosphere,” Geophys. Res. Lett. 6, 151 (1979).
R. A. McLaren and A. L. Betz, “Infrared Observations of Circumstellar Ammonia in OH/IR Supergiants, Ap. J. 240, L159 (1980).
A. L. Betz, “Ethylene in IRC 10216,” Ap. J. 244, L103, 26 (1981).
D. A. Glenar, D. Deming, D. E. Jennings, T. Kostiuk, and M. J. Mumma, “Diode Laser Heterodyne Observations of SiO in Sunspots,” Solar Physics (submitted).
T. Kostiuk, M. J. Mumma, F. Espenak, D. Deming, D. Jennings, W. Maguire, and D. Zipoy, “Infrared Heterodyne Observations of 12μm Ethane Emission Lines Near the South Pole of Jupiter,” Icarus (submitted).
T. Kostiuk, M. J. Mumma, D. Buhl, L. Brown, J. Faris, and D. Spears, “NH3 Spectral Line Measurements on Earth and Jupiter Using a 10ym Superheterodyne Receiver,” Infrared Physics 17, 431 (1977).
D. Deming, F. Espenak, D. Jennings, T. Kostiuk, and M. J. Mumma, “Evidence for High Altitude Haze-Thickening on the Dark Side of Venus from 10 Micron Heterodyne Spectroscopy of CO2”, Icarus (in press).
M. J. Mumma, T. Kostiuk, D. Buhl, D. Deming, and G. Chin and D. Zipoy, “Infrared Heterodyne Spectroscopy”, SPIE 280 (Infrared-Astronony) p. 111 (1981)and Optical Engineering (in press).
Also see M. J. Mumma, T. Kostiuk, D. Buhl, “A 10μm Laser Heterodyne Spectrometer for Remote Detection of Trace Gases”, Optical Engineering 17, 50 (1977).
D. A. Glenar, T. Kostiuk, D. E. Jennings, D. Buhl, and M. J. Mumma, “A tuneable Diode Laser Heterodyne Spectrometer for Remote Observations Near 8 Microns,” Applied Optics 21, 253 (1982).
See also M. Mumma, T. Kostiuk, S. Cohen, D. Buhl, and P. C. von Thuna, “Heterodyne Spectroscopy of Astronomical and Laboratory Sources Using Diode Laser Local Oscillators,” Space Science Reviews, 17, 661 (1975).
M. Abbas, M. J. Mumma, T. Kostiuk, and D. Buhl, “Sensitivity Limits of an Infrared Heterodyne Spectrometer for Astrophysical Applications,” Appl. Opt. 15, 427 (1976).
Heterodyne Systems and Technology, NASA CP 2138 (1980).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1983 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mumma, M.J. (1983). Remote Sensing by Infrared Heterodyne Spectroscopy. In: Killinger, D.K., Mooradian, A. (eds) Optical and Laser Remote Sensing. Springer Series in Optical Sciences, vol 39. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39552-2_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39552-2_10
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-15736-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-39552-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive