Skip to main content

LASIK: Early Postoperative Complications

  • Chapter
  • 1109 Accesses

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD   199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Choi RY, Wilson SE (2001) Hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis: primary and secondary treatments are safe and effective. Cornea 20:388–393

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Farah SG, Azar DT, Gurdal C et al (1998) Laser in situ keratomileusis: literature review of a developing technique. J Cataract Refract Surg 24:989–1006

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Alió JL, Perez-Santonja JJ, Tervo T (2000) Postoperative inflammation, microbial complications, and wound healing following laser in situ keratomileusis. J Refract Surg 16:523–538

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Ambrosio R Jr., Wilson SE (2001) Complications of laser in situ keratomileusis: etiology, prevention, and treatment. J Refract Surg 17:350–379

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Garg P, Bansal AK, Sharma S et al (2001) Bilateral infectious keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis: a case report and review of the literature. Ophthalmology 108:121–125

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Quiros PA, Chuck RS, Smith RE (1999) Infectious ulcerative keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. Arch Ophthalmol 117:1423–1427

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Wilson SE (1998) LASIK: management of common complications laser in situ keratomileusis Cornea 17:459–467

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Donnenfeld ED, Kim T, Holland EJ, Azar DT, Palmon FR, Rubenstein JB, Daya S, Yoo SH; American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery Cornea Clinical Committee. ASCRS white paper: management of infectious keratitis following laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 10:2008–2011

    Google Scholar 

  9. Chang MA, Jain S, Azar DT (2004) Infections following laser in situ keratomileusis: an integration of the published literature. Surv Ophthalmol 49:269–80

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. MacRae SM, Rich LF, Macaluso DC (2002) Treatment of interface keratitis with oral corticosteroids. J Cataract Refract Surg 28:454–461

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Miller D, Newton J, Alfonso E (2000) Surveillance and infection control standards for refractive surgery centers? ARVO abstract no. 1679

    Google Scholar 

  12. Pirzada WA, Kalaawry H (1997) Laser in situ keratomileusis for myopia of −1 to −3.50 diopters. J Refract Surg 13:S425–S426

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Dada T, Sharma N, Dada VK et al (2000) Pneumococcal keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 26:460–461

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Stulting RD, Carr JD, Thompson KP (1999) Complications of laser in situ keratomileusis for the correction of myopia. Ophthalmology 106:13–20

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Perez-Santonja JJ, Sakla HF, Abad JL (1997) Nocardial keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Refract Surg 13:314–317

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Lin RT, Maloney RK (1999) Flap complications associated with lamellar refractive surgery. Am J Ophthalmol 127:129–136

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Seedor JA, Shapiro DE, Ritterband DC, et al (2001) LASIK complication rates. ARVO abstract no. 2668

    Google Scholar 

  18. Gimbel HV, van Westengrugge JA, Penno EE (1999) Simultaneous bilateral laser in situ keratomileusis: safety and efficacy. Ophthalmology 106:1461–1467

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Kawesch GM, Kezirian GM (2000) Laser in situ keratomileusis for high myopia with the VISX star laser. Ophthalmology 107:653–661

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Price FW, Willes L, Price M (2001) A prospective, randomized comparison of the use versus non-use of topical corticosteroids after laser in situ keratomileusis. Ophthalmology 108:1236–1244

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. al-Reefy M (1999) Bacterial keratitis following laser in situ keratomileusis for hyperopia. J Refract Surg 15:216–217

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Alvarenga L, Freitas D, Holfing-Lima AL (2002) Infectious post-LASIK crystalline keratopathy caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria. Cornea 21:426–429

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Aras C, Ozdamar A, Bahcecioglu H et al (1998) Corneal interface abscess after excimer laser in situ keratomileusis. J Refract Surg 14:156–157

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Chung MS, Goldstein MH, Driebe WT Jr et al (2000) Fungal keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis: a case report. Cornea 19:236–237

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Chung MS, Goldstein MH, Driebe WT Jr et al (2000) Mycobacterium chelonae keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis successfully treated with medical therapy and flap removal. Am J Ophthalmol 129:382–384

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Cuello OH, Carolin MJ, Reviglio VE (2002) Rhodococcus globerulus keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 28:2235–2237

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Dada T, Sharma N, Dada VK et al (2000) Pneumococcal keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 26:460–461

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Gelender H, Carter HL, Bowman B (2000) Mycobacterium keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Refract Surg 16:191–195

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Giaconi J, Pham R, Ta CN (2002) Bilateral Mycobaterium abscessus keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 28:887–890

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Gupta V, Dada T, Vajpayee RB (2001) Polymicrobial keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Refract Surg 17:147–148

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Hovanesian JA, Faktorovich EG, Hoffbauer JD (1999) Bilateral bacterial keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Arch Ophthalmol 117:968–970

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Karp KO, Hersh PS, Epstein RJ (2000) Delayed keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 26:925–928

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Kim EK, Lee DH, Lee K. et al (2000) Nocardia keratitis after traumatic detachment of a laser in situ keratomileusis flap. J Refract Surg 16:467–469

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Kim HM, Song JS, Han HS et al (1998) Streptococcal keratitis after myopic laser in situ keratomileusis. Korean J Ophthalmol 12:108–111

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Kouyoumdjian GA, Forstot SL, Durairaj VD et al (2001) Infectious keratitis after laser refractive surgery. Ophthalmology 108:1266–1268

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Kuo IC, Margolis TP, Cevallos V (2001) Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. Cornea 20:342–344

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Lam DS, Leung AT, Wu JT (1999) Culture-negative ulcerative keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 25:1004–1008

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Levartovsky S, Rosenwasser G, Goodman D (2001) Bacterial keratitis following laser in situ keratomileusis. Ophthalmology 108:321–325

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Maldonado MJ, Juberias JR, Moreno-Montanes J (2002) Extensive corneal epithelial defect associated with internal hordeolum after uneventful laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 28:1700–1702

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Moon SJ, Mann PM, Matoba AY (2003) Microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis in a healthy patient with a history of LASIK surgery. Cornea 22:271–272

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Mulhern MG, Condon PI, O’Keefe M (1997) Endophthalmitis after astigmatic myopic laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 23:948–950

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Parolini B, Marcon G, Panozzo GA (2001) Central necrotic lamellar inflammation after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Refract Surg 17:110–112

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Ramirez M, Hernandez-Quintela E, Betran F et al (2002) Pneumococcal keratitis at the flap interface after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 28:550–552

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Read RW, Chuck RS, Rao NS (2000) Traumatic Acremonium atrogriseum keratitis following laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis. Arch Ophthalmol 118:418–421

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Reviglio V, Rodriguez ML, Picotti GS (1998) Mycobacterium chelonae keratitis following laser in situ keratomileusis. J Refract Surg 14:357–360

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Ritterband D, Kelly J, McNamara T (2002) Delayed-onset multifocal polymicrobial keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 28:898–899

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Rubinfeld RS, Negvesky GJ (2001) Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ulcerative keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 27:1523–1525

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Rudd JC, Moshirfar M (2001) Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 27:471–473

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Sridhar MS, Garg P, Bansal AK (2000) Aspergillus flavus keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. Am J Ophthalmol 129:802–804

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Sridhar MS, Garg P, Bansal AK, et al (2000) Fungal keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 26:613–615

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Suresh PS, Rootman DS (2002) Bilateral infectious keratitis after a laser in situ keratomileusis enhancement procedure. J Cataract Refract Surg 28:720–721

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Verma S, Tuft SJ (2002) Fusarium solani keratitis following LASIK for myopia. Br J Ophthalmol 86:1190–1191

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Watanabe H, Sato S, Maeda N (1997) Bilateral corneal infection as a complication of laser in situ keratomileusis. Arch Ophthalmol 115:1593–159

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Webber SK, Lawless MA, Sutton GL et al (1999) Staphylococcal infection under a LASIK flap. Cornea 18:361–365

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Winthrop KL, Steinberg EB, Holmes G (2003) Epidemic and sporadic cases of nontuberculous mycobacterial keratitis associated with laser in situ keratomileusis. Am J Ophthalmol 135:223–224

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Chandra NS, Torres MF, Winthrop KL (2001) Cluster of Mycobacterium chelonae keratitis cases following laser in situ keratomileusis. Am J Ophthalmol 132:819–830

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Chang SW, Ashraf FM, Azar DT (2000) Wound healing patterns following perforation sustained during laser in situ keratomileusis. J Formos Med Assoc 99:635–641

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Freitas D, Alvarenga L, Sampaio J (2003) An outbreak of Mycobacterium chelonae infection after LASIK. Ophthalmology 110:276–285

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Fulcher SFA, Fader RC, Rosa RH et al (2002) Delayed-onset mycobacterial keratitis after LASIK. Cornea 21:546–554

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Karp CL, Tuli SS, Yoo SH (2003) Infectious keratitis after LASIK. Ophthalmology 110:503–510

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Pache M, Schipper I, Flammer J et al (2003) Unilateral fungal and mycobacterial keratitis after simultaneous laser in situ keratomileusis. Cornea 22:72–75

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Peng Q, Holzer MP, Kaufer PH (2002) Interface fungal infection after laser in situ keratomileusis presenting as diffuse lamellar keratitis. J Cataract Refract Surg 28:1400–1408

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Pushker N, Dada T, Sony P (2002) Microbial keratitis after lasik in situ keratomileusis. J Refract Surg 18:280–286

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Solomon A, Karp CL, Miller D (2001) Mycobacterium interface keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. Ophthalmology 108:2201–2208

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Sharma N, Dada T, Dada VK et al (2001) Acute hemorrhagic keratoconjunctivitis after LASIK. J Cataract Refract Surg 27:344–345

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Tripathi A (2000) Fungal keratitis after LASIK. J Cataract Refract Surg 26:1433

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Patel NR, Reidy JJ, Gonzalez-Fernandez F (2005) Nocardia keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis: clinicopathologic correlation. J Cataract Refract Surg 31:2012–2015

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Chung SH, Roh MI, Park MS, Kong YT, Lee HK, Kim EK (2006) Mycobacterium abscessus keratitis after LASIK with IntraLase femtosecond laser. Ophthalmologica 220:277–280

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Hamam RN, Noureddin B, Salti HI, Haddad R, Khoury JM (2006) Recalcitrant post-LASIK Mycobacterium chelonae keratitis eradicated after the use of fourth-generation fluoroquinolone. Ophthalmology 113:950–954

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. John T, Velotta E (2005) Nontuberculous (atypical) mycobacterial keratitis after LASIK: current status and clinical implications. Cornea 24:245–255

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Solomon R, Donnenfeld ED, Azar DT, Holland EJ, Palmon FR, Pflugfelder SC, Rubenstein JB (2003) Infectious keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis: results of an ASCRS survey. J Cataract Refract Surg 29:2001–2006

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

References

  1. Smith RJ, Maloney RK (1998) Diffuse lamellar keratitis: a new syndrome in lamellar refractive surgery. Ophthalmology 105:1721–1726

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Kaufman SC (1999) Post LASIK interface keratitis, Sands of the Sahara syndrome, and microkeratome blades (letter). J Cataract Refract Surg 25:1004–1008

    Google Scholar 

  3. Kaufman SC, Maitchouk DY, Chiou AG, Beuerman, RW (1998) Interface inflammation after laser in-situ keratomileusis—Sands of the Sahara Syndrome. J Cataract Refract Surg 24:1589–1593

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Shah MN, Misra M, Wihelmus KR, Koch DD (2000) Diffuse lamellar keratitis associated with epithelial defects after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 26:1312–1318

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Peters NT, Iskander NG, Anderson PEE, Woods DE, Mo RA, Gimbel HV (2001) Diffuse lamellar keratitis: isolation of endotoxin and demonstration of the inflammatory potential in a rabbit model. J Cataract Refract Surg 27:917–923

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Yuhan KR, Nguyen L, Wachler BS (2002) Role of instrument cleaning and maintenance in the development of diffuse lamellar keratitis. Ophthalmology 1090:400–403; discussion 403–404

    Google Scholar 

  7. Levinger S, Landau D, Kremer I, Merin S, Aizenman I, Hirsch A, Douieb J, Bos T (2003) Wiping microkeratome blades with sterile 100% alcohol to prevent diffuse lamellar keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 29:1947–1949

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Kim JY, Kim MJ, Kim TI, Choi HJ, Pak JH, Tchah H (2006) A femtosecond laser creates a stronger flap than a mechanical microkeratome. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 47:599–604

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Stonecipher K, Ignacio TS, Stonecipher M (2006) Advances in refractive surgery: microkeratome and femtosecond laser flap creation in relation to safety, efficacy, predictability, and biomechanical stability. Curr Opinion Ophthalmol 17:368–372

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Moilanen JA, Holopainen JM, Helinto M, Vesaluoma MH, Tervo TM (2004) Keratocyte activation and inflammation in diffuse lamellar keratitis after formation of an epithelial defect. J Cataract Refract Surg 30:341–349

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Guo N, Zhou YH, Qu J, Pan ZQ, Wang L (2006) [Evaluation of diffuse lamellar keratitis after LASIK with confocal microscopy]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 42:330–333

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Buhren J, Cichocki M, Baumeister M, Kohnen T (2002) Diffuse lamellar keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. Clinical and confocal microscopy findings. Ophthalmology 99:176–180

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Bigham M, Enns CL, Holland SP et al (2005) Diffuse lamellar keratitis complicating laser in situ keratomileusis: post-marketing surveillance of an emerging disease in British Columbia, Canada, 2000–2002. J Cataract Refract Surg 31:2340–2344

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Jin GJ, Lyle WA, Merkley KH (2005) Late-onset idiopathic diffuse lamellar keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 31:435–437

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Buxey K (2004) Delayed onset diffuse lamellar keratitis following enhancement LASIK surgery. Clin Exp Optom 87102–106

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Gris O, Guell JL, Wolley-Dod C, Adan A (2004) Diffuse lamellar keratitis and corneal edema associate with viral keratoconjunctivitis 2 years after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 30:1366–1370

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Linebarger EJ, Hardten DR, Lindstrom RL (2003) Diffuse lamellar keratitis: recognition and management. In: Buratto L, Brint SF (eds) Custom LASIK surgical techniques and complications. Slack, Thorofare, N.J., pp 745–750

    Google Scholar 

  18. Hoffman RS, Fine IH, Packer M (2003) Incidence and outcomes of LASIK with diffuse lamellar keratitis treated with topical and oral corticosteroids. J Cataract Refract Surg 29:451–456

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Cimberle Michael (2006) (Munoz, Gonzalo) (Report on Alicante International Refractive Meeting) Retinal detachment rates for lens exchange, phakic IOLs comparable. Ocular Surgery News, 15 June 2006, pp 3–6

    Google Scholar 

  20. Stonecipher KG, Dishler JG, Ignacio TS, Binder PS (2006) Transient light sensitivity after femtosecond laser flap creation: clinical findings and management. J Cataract Refract Surg 32:91–94

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Hamilton DR, Manche EE, Rich LF, Maloney RK (2002) Steroid induced glaucoma after laser in situ keratomileusis associated with interface fluid. Ophthalmology 109:659–665

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Alió JL, Perez-Santonja JJ, Tervo T (2000) Postoperative inflammation, microbial complications, and wound healing following Laser in situ keratomileusis. J Refractive Surg 16:523–538

    Google Scholar 

References

  1. Smith RJ, Maloney RK (1998) Diffuse lamellar keratitis: a new syndrome in lamellar refractive surgery. Ophthalmology 105:1721–1726

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Kaufman SC, Maitchouk DY, Chiou AGY, Beuerman RW (1998) Interface inflammation after laser in situ keratomileusis. Sands of the Sahara syndrome. J Cataract Refract Surg 24:1589–1593

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Linebarger EJ, Hardten DR, Lindstrom RL (2000) Diffuse lamellar keratitis: diagnosis and management. J Cataract Refract Surg 26:1072–107

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Holland SP, Mathias RG, Morck DW et al (2000) Diffuse lamellar keratitis related to endotoxins released from sterilizer reservoir biofilms. Ophthalmology 107:1227–1233; discussion 1233–1234

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Chang-Godinich A, Steinert RF, Wu HK (2001) Late occurrence of diffuse lamellar keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. Arch Ophthalmol 119:1074–1076

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Keszei VA (2001) Diffuse lamellar keratitis associated with iritis 10 months after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 27:1126–1127

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Harrison DA, Periman LM (2001) Diffuse lamellar keratitis associ ated with recurrent corneal erosions after laser in situ kerato mileusis. J Refract Surg 17:463–465

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Rehany U, Bersudsky V, Rumelt S (2000) Paradoxical hypotony after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 26:1823–1826

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Najman-Vainer J, Smith RJ, Maloney RK (2000) Interface fluid after LASIK: misleading tonometry can lead to end-stage glaucoma [letter]. J Cataract Refract Surg 26:471–472

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Parekh JG, Raviv T, Speaker MG (2001) Grossly false applanation tonometry associated with interface fluid in susceptible LASIK patients [letter]. J Cataract Refract Surg 27: 1143–1144

    Google Scholar 

  11. Belin MW, Hannush SB, Yau CW, Schultze RL (2002) Elevated intraocular pressure-induced interlamellar stromal keratitis. Ophthalmology 109:1929–1933

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Davidson RS, Brandt ID, Mannis MJ (2003) Intraocular pressure-induced interlamellar keratitis after LASIK surgery. Glaucoma 12:23–26

    Google Scholar 

  13. Cheng AC, Law RW, Young AL, Lam DS (2004) In vivo confocal microscopic findings in patients with steroid-induced glaucoma after LASIK. Ophthalmology 111:768–774

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Kurian M, Shetty R, Shetty BK, Devi SA (2006) In vivo confocal microscopic findings of interlamellar stromal keratopathy induced by elevated intraocular pressure. Cataract Refract Surg 32:1563–1566

    Google Scholar 

  15. Nordlund MI, Grimm S, Lane S, Holland EJ (2004) Pressureinduced interface keratitis: a late complication following LASIK. Cornea 23:225–234

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Galal A, Artola A, Belda I, Rodriguez-Prats I, Claramonte P, Sanchez A, Ruiz-Morenao O, Meravo I, Alió J (2006) Interface corneal edema secondary to steroid-induced elevation of intraocular pressure simulating diffuse lamellar keratitis. J Refract Surg 22:441–447

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Frucht-Pery J, Landau D, Raiskup F, Orucov F, Strassman E, Blumenthal EZ, Solomon A (2007) Early transient visual acuity loss after LASIK due to streroid-induced elevation of intraocular pressure. J Refractive Surgery 23:244–251

    Google Scholar 

References

  1. Mackool RJ, Monsanto VR (2003) Sequential liftand suture technique for post-LASIK corneal striae. J Cataract Refract Surg 29:785–787

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Jackson DW, Hamill MB, Koch DD (2003) Laser in situ keratomileusis flap suturing to treat recalcitrant flap striae. J Cataract Refract Surg 29:264–269

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Lam DSC, Leung ATS, Wu JT et al (1999) Management of severe flap wrinkling or dislodgement after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 25:1441–1447

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Rabinowitz YS, Rasheed K (1999) Fluorescein test for the detection of striae in the corneal flap after laser in situ keratomileusis. Am J Ophthalmol 127:717–718

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Charman WN (2002) Mismatch between flap and stromal areas after laser in situ keratomileusis as source of flap striae J Cataract Refract Surg 28:2146–2152

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Lin JC, Rapuano CJ, Cohen EJ (2003) RK4 lens fitting for a flap striae in a LASIK patient. Eye Contact Lens 29:76–78

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Araki-Sasaki K, Tsumura T, Kinoshita T et al (2002) Corneal remodeling by hard contact lenses to manage microstriae after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 28:2050–2053

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Solomon R, Donnenfeld ED, Perry HD et al (2003) Slitlamp stretching of the corneal flap after laser in situ keratomileusis to reduce corneal striae. J Cataract Refract Surg 29:1292–1296

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Lyle WA, Lin GJC (2000) Results of flap repositioning after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 26:1451–1457

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Fox ML, Harmer E. Therapeutic flap massage for microstriae after laser in situ keratomileusis (2004) Treatment technique and implications. J Cataract Refract Surg 30:369–373

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Hernandez-Matamoros J, Iradier MT, Moreno E (2001) Treating folds and striae after laser in situ kertomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 27:350–352

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Donnenfeld ED, Perry HD, Doshi SJ et al (2004) Hyperthermic treatment of post-LASIK corneal striae. J Cataract Refract Surg 30:620–625

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Steinert RF, Ashrafzadeh A, Hersh PS (2004) Results of phototherapeutic keratectomy in management of flap striae after LASIK. Ophthalmology 111:740–746

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Ashrafzadeh A, Steinert RF (2007) Results of phototherapeutic keratectomy in the management of flap striae after LASIK before and after developing a standardized protocol: long term follow-up in an expanded patient population. Ophthalmology 114:1118–1123

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Munoz G, Alio JL, Perez-Santonja JJ et al (2000) Successful treatment of severe wrinkled corneal flap after laser in situ keratomileusis with deionized water. Am J Ophthalmol 129:91–92

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

References

  1. Adan CB, Sato EH, Sousa LB, Oliveira RS, Leao SC, Freitas D (2004) An experimental model of mycobacterial infection under corneal flaps. Braz J Med Biol Res 37:1015–1021

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Alio JL, Perez-Santonja JJ, Tervo T, Tabbara KF, Vesaluoma M, Smith RJ, Maddox B, Maloney RK (2000) Postoperative inflammation, microbial complications, and wound healing following laser in situ keratomileusis. J Refract Surg 16:523–538

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Ambrósio Jr R, Stelzner S, Boerner C, Honan P, McIntyre DJ (2002) Nutritional treatment of dry eye: lipids. Rev Refract Surg 3:29–35

    Google Scholar 

  4. Ambrósio R Jr, Periman LM, Netto MV, Wilson SE (2003) Bilateral marginal sterile infiltrates and diffuse lamellar keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Refract Surg 19:154–158

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Ambrósio R Jr, Wilson S (2003) LASIK vs LASEK vs PRK: advantages and indications. Semin Ophthalmol 18:2–10

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Ambrósio R Jr, Wilson SE (2001) Complications of laser in situ keratomileusis: etiology, prevention, and treatment. J Refract Surg 17:350–379

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Arshinoff SA, Mills MD, Haber S (1996) Pharmacotherapy of photorefractive keratectomy. J Cataract Refract Surg 22:1037–1044

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Chiou AG, Kaufman SC, Kaufman HE, Beuerman RW (2006) Clinical corneal confocal microscopy. Surv Ophthalmol 51:482–500

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Dogru M, Stern ME, Smith JA, Foulks GN, Lemp MA, Tsubota K (2005) Changing trends in the definition and diagnosis of dry eyes. Am J Ophthalmol 140:507–508

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Duffey RJ, Leaming D (2005) US trends in refractive surgery: 2004 ISRS/AAO Survey 21:742–748

    Google Scholar 

  11. Haw WW, Manche EE (1999) Sterile peripheral keratitis following laser in situ keratomileusis. J Refract Surg 15:61–63

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Holland EJ, Schwartz GS (1999) Classification of herpes simplex virus keratitis. Cornea 18:144–154

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Hong JW, Liu JJ, Lee JS, Mohan RR, Mohan RR, Woods DJ, He YG, Wilson SE (2001) Proinflammatory chemokine induction in keratocytes and inflammatory cell infiltration into the cornea. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 42:2795–2803

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Kim JY, Choi YS, Lee JH (1997) Keratitis from corneal anesthetic abuse after photorefractive keratectomy. J Cataract Refract Surg 23:447–449

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Ku EC, Lee W, Kothari HV, Scholer DW (1986) Effect of diclofenac sodium on the arachidonic acid cascade. Am J Med 80:18–23

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Lahners WJ, Hardten DR, Lindstrom RL (2003) Peripheral keratitis following laser in situ keratomileusis. J Refract Surg 19:671–675

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Levy J, Lapid-Gortzak R, Klemperer I, Lifshitz T (2005) Herpes simplex virus keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Refract Surg 21:400–402

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Lifshitz T, Levy J, Mahler O, Levinger S (2005) Peripheral sterile corneal infiltrates after refractive surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg 31:1392–1395

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Melki SA, Azar DT (2001) LASIK complications: etiology, management, and prevention. Surv Ophthalmol 46:95–116

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Miljanovic B, Trivedi KA, Dana MR, Gilbard JP, Buring JE, Schaumberg DA (2005) Relation between dietary n-3 and n-6 fatty acids and clinically diagnosed dry eye syndrome in women. Am J Clin Nutr 82:887–893

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Mohan RR, Hutcheon AE, Choi R, Hong J, Lee J, Mohan RR, Ambrosio R Jr, Zieske JD, Wilson SE (2003) Apoptosis, necrosis, proliferation, and myofibroblast generation in the stroma following LASIK and PRK. Exp Eye Res 76:71–87

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Mondino BJ, Adamu SA, Pitchekian-Halabi H (1991) Antibody studies in a rabbit model of corneal phlyctenulosis and catarrhal infiltrates related to Staphylococcus aureus. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 32:1854–1863

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Mondino BJ (1998) Inflammatory diseases of the peripheral cornea. Ophthalmology 95:463–472

    Google Scholar 

  24. Netto MV, Mohan RR, Ambrosio R Jr, Hutcheon AE, Zieske JD, Wilson SE (2005) Wound healing in the cornea: a review of refractive surgery complications and new prospects for therapy. Cornea 24:509–522

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Pepose JS, Laycock KA, Miller JK, Chansue E, Lenze EJ, Gans LA, Smith ME (1992) Reactivation of latent herpes simplex virus by excimer laser photokeratectomy. Am J Ophthalmol 114:45–50

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Rao SK, Fogla R, Rajagopal R, Sitalakshmi G, Padmanabhan P (2000) Bilateral corneal infiltrates after excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy. J Cataract Refract Surg 26:456–459

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Robin JB, Dugel R, Robin SB. Immunologic disorders of the cornea and conjunctiva (1999) In: Kaufman HB, Barron BA, McDonald MB (eds) The cornea, 2nd edn, on CD-Rom. Butterworth-Heinemann, Newton, Mass.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Sall K, Stevenson OD, Mundorf TK, Reis BL (2000) Two multicenter, randomized studies of the efficacy and safety of cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion in moderate to severe dry eye disease. CsA Phase 3 Study Group. Ophthalmology 107:631–639

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Sher NA, Krueger RR, Teal P, Jans RG, Edmison D (1994) Role of topical corticosteroids and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs in the etiology of stromal infiltrates after excimer photorefractive keratectomy. J Refract Corneal Surg 10:587–588

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Singhal S, Sridhar MS, Garg P (2005) Bilateral peripheral infiltrative keratitis after LASIK. J Refract Surg 21:402–404

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Smith RJ, Maloney RK (1998) Diffuse lamellar keratitis. A new syndrome in lamellar refractive surgery. Ophthalmology 105:1721–1726

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Tahzib NG, Bootsma SJ, Eggink FA, Nabar VA, Nuijts RM (2005) Functional outcomes and patient satisfaction after laser in situ keratomileusis for correction of myopia. J Cataract Refract Surg 31:1943–1951

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Teal P, Breslin C, Arshinoff S, Edmison D (1995) Corneal subepithelial infiltrates following excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy. J Cataract Refract Surg 21:516–518

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Teichmann KD, Cameron J, Huaman A, Rahi AH, Badr I (1996) Wessely-type immune ring following phototherapeutic keratectomy. J Cataract Refract Surg 22:142–146

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Wilson SE, Ambrosio R (2001) Laser in situ keratomileusis-induced neurotrophic epitheliopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 132:405–406

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Wilson SE, Mohan RR, Mohan RR, Ambrosio R Jr, Hong J, Lee J (2001) The corneal wound healing response: cytokine-mediated interaction of the epithelium, stroma, and inflammatory cells. Prog Retin Eye Res 20:625–637

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Wilson SE, Netto M, Ambrosio R Jr (2003) Corneal cells: chatty in development, homeostasis, wound healing, and disease. Am J Ophthalmol 136:530–536

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Wilson SE (2001) Laser in situ keratomileusis-induced (presumed) neurotrophic epitheliopathy. Ophthalmology 108:1082–1087

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Yu EY, Rao SK, Cheng AC, Law RW, Leung AT, Lam DS (2002) Bilateral peripheral corneal infiltrates after simultaneous myopic laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 28:891–894

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

References

  1. Ahmadi A, Saari J, Mozaffarian D et al (2005) Decreased carotenoid content in preaponeurotic orbital fat of patients with involutional ptosis. Ophthalmol Plast Reconstr Surg 21:46–51

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Dutton JJ (1994) The eyelids and the anterior orbit. In: Dutton JJ (ed) Atlas of clinical and surgical orbital anatomy. Saunders, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  3. Epstein G, Putterman AM (1981) Acquired blepharoptosis secondary to contact lens wear. Am J Ophthalmol 91:634–639

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Frueh BR, Musch DC, McDonald HM (2004) Efficacy and efficiency of a small-incision, minimal dissection procedure versus a traditional approach for correcting aponeurotic ptosis. Ophthalmology 111:2158–2163

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Hall A (1945) The origin and purpose of blinking. Br J Ophthalmol 29:455–467

    Google Scholar 

  6. Kersten RC, de Conciliis C, Kulwin DR (1995) Acquired ptosis in the young and middle-aged adult population. Ophthalmology 102:924–928

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Lucarelli MJ, Lemke BN (1999) Small incision external levator repair: technique and early results. Am J Ophthalmol 127:637–644

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Lyon DB, Gonnering RS, Dortzbach RK et al (1993) Unilateral ptosis and eye dominance. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 9:237–240

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Sires BS, Saari J, Garwin GG et al (2001) The color difference in orbital fat. Arch Ophthalmol 119:868–871

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Wantanabe A, Araki B, Noso K et al (2006) Histopathology of blepharoptosis caused by prolonged hard contact lens wear. Am J Ophthalmol 141:1092–1096

    Google Scholar 

References

  1. Waring GO III, Rodrigues MM (1987) Patterns of pathologic response in the cornea. Surv Opthalmol 31:262–266

    Google Scholar 

  2. Lam DS, Leung AT, Wu JT, Fan DS, Cheng AC, Wang Z (1999) Culture-negative ulcerative keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 25:1004–1008

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Vivino FB, Minerva P, Huang CH, Orlin SE (2001) Corneal melt as the initial presentation of primary Sjögren’s syndrome. J Rheumatol 28:379–382

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Paroli MP, Pinca M, Speranza S, Marino M, Pivetti-Pezzi P (2003) Paracentral corneal melting in a patient with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada’s syndrome, psoriasis, and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 11:309–313

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Su WY, Chang SW, Huang SF (2003) Amniotic membrane transplantation for corneal perforation related to vitamin A deficiency. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imagining 34:140–144

    Google Scholar 

  6. Beele H, Claerhout I, Kestelyn P, Dierckxens L, Naeyaert JM, De Laey JJ (2001) Bilateral corneal melting in a patient with paraneoplastic pemphigus. Dermatology 202:147–150

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Liu SM, Su J, Hemady RK (1997) Corneal melting after ablationn of a Molteno shunt plate. J Glaucoma 6:357–358

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Nishida T, Nakamura M, Konma T, Ofuji K, Nagano K, Tanaka T, Enoki M, Reid TW, Brown SM, Murphy CJ, Manis MJ (1997) Neurotrophic keratopathy—studies on substance P and the clinical significance of corneal sensation. NipOn Ganka Gakkai Zasshi 101:948–74

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Spelsberg H, Sundmacher R (2005) Significance of immediate affixation of a hard contact lens in the emergency treatment of severe alkali burns of the cornea (case report) Klin Monatsbl Augenhelilkd 222:905–909

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Vote BJ, Elder MJ (2000) Cyanoacrylate glue for corneal perforations: a description of a surgical technique and a review of the literature. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol 28:437–442

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Xi XH, Cao YN, Tang LS, Qin B, Jiang DY (2004) Corneal combined amniotic membrane transplantation for early severe alkali chemical injury of the eye. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 29:704–706

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Ma DH, Wang SF, Su WY, Tsai RJ (2002) Amniotic membrane graft for the management of scleral melting and corneal perforation in recalcitrant infectious scleral and corneoscleral ulcers. Cornea 21:275–283

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Soong HK, Farjo AA, Katz D, Meyer RF, Sugar A (2000) Lamellar corneal patch grafts in the management of corneal melting. Cornea 19:126–134

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Su CY, Lin CP (2000) Combined use of an amniotic membrane and tissue adhesive in treating corneal perforation: a case report. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 31:151–154

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. McElvanney AM (2003) Doxycycline in the management of pseudomonas corneal melting: two case reports and a review of the literature. Eye Contact Lens 29:258–61

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Celia R Hicks, Geoffrey J Crawford (2003) Melting after keratoprosthesis implantation: the effects of medroxyprogesterone. Cornea 22:497–500

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Dudenhoefer EJ, Nouri M, Gipson IK, Baratz KH, Tisdale AS, Dryja TP, Abad JC, Dohlman CH (2003) Histopathology of explanted collar button keratoprostheses: a clinicopathologic correlation. Cornea 22:424–428

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Ly Y, Li HY (2005) Analysis of clinical characteristics and risk factors of corneal melting after laser in situ keratomileusis. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 41:330–334

    Google Scholar 

  19. Castillo A, Diaz-Valle D, Gutierrez AR, Toledano N, Romero F (1998) Peripheral melt of flap after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Refract Surg 14:61–63

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Alió JL, Artola A, Belda JI, Perez Santonja JJ, Munoz G, Javaloy J, Rodriguez-Prats JL, Galal A (2005) LASIK in patients with rheumatic diseases: a pilot study. Ophthalmology 112:1948–1954

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Smith RJ, Maloney RK (2006) Laser in situ keratomileusis in patients with autoimmune disease. J Cataract Refract Surg 32:1292–1295

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Kohnen T (2006) Excimer laser refractive surgery in autoimmune disease (Letter to the Editor). J Cataract Refract Surg 32:1241

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Cobo-Soriano R, Beltran J, Baviera J (2006) LASIK outcomes in patients with underlying systemic contraindications: a preliminary study. Ophthalmology 113:e1–e8

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Du Z, Guo H, Zheng Q (2001) Immunohistochemical and clinical studies on sub-corneal flap epithelial implantation accompanied by flap melting after excimer laser in situ keratomileusis. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 37:84–86

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Lu KL, Wee WR, Sakamoto T, McDonnell PJ (1996) Comparison of in vitro antiproliferative effects of steroids and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs on human keratocytes. Cornea 15:185–190

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Nguyen KD, Lee DA (1992) Effects of steroids and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents on human ocular fibroblast. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 33:2693–2701

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Nguyen KD, Lee DA (1993) In vitro evaluation of antiproliferative potential of topical cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors in human Tenon’s fibroblast. Exp Eye Res 57:97–105

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Nassaralla B, Szerenyi K, Wang Xw et al (1995) Effect of diclofenac on corneal haze after photorefractive keratectomy in rabbits. Ophthalmology 102:469–474

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Joseph KW, Hsu, W Todd Johnston, Russell W Read, Peter J McDonnell, Rey Pangalinan, Narsing Rao, Ronald E Smith (2003) Histopathology of corneal melting associated with diclofenac use after refractive surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg 29:250–256

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Hsu JK, Johnston WT, Read RW, McDonnel PJ, Pangalinan R, Rao N, Smith RE (2003) Histopathology of corneal melting associated with diclofenac use after refractive surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg 29:250–256

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Flach AJ (2001) Corneal melts associated with topically applied nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 99:205–210; discussion 210–212

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Tatsuhiko Asai, Tetsushi Nakagami, Mina Mochizuki, Norimasa Hata, Takako Tsuchiya, Yoshihiro Hotta (2006) Three cases of corneal melting after instillation of a new nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug. Cornea 25:224–227

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Gabison EE, Chastang P, Menashi S, Mourah S, Doan S, Oster M, Mauviel A, Hoang-Xuan T (2003) Late corneal perforation after photorefractive keratectomy associated with topical diclofenac: involvement of matrix metalloproteinases. Ophthalmology 110:1626–1631

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Lam DS, Leung AT, Wu JT, Cheng AC, Fan DS, Rao SK, Talamo JH, Barraquer C (1999) Management of severe flap wrinkling or dislodgment after laser in situ keratomuleusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 25:1441–1447

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Hargrave SL, Jung JC, Fini ME, Gelender H, Catre C, Guidera A, Udell I, Fisher S, Jester JV, Bowman RW, McCulley JP, Cavanagh HD (2002) Possible role of the vitamin E solubilizer in topical diclofenac on matrix metalloproteinase expression in corneal melting: an analysis of postoperative keratolysis. Ophthalmology 109:343–350

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Perez-Santonja JJ, Ayala MJ, Sakla HF, Ruiz-Moreno JM, Alió JL (1999) Retreatment after laser in situ keratomileusis. Ophthalmology 106:21–28

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Alió JL, Galal A, Artola A, Ayala MJ, Merayo J (2006) Hyperopic LASIK retreatments with the Technolas laser. J Refract Surg 22:596–603

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Patel NR, Reidy JJ, Gonzalez-Fernandez F (2005) Nocardia keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis: clinicopathologic correlation. J Cataract Refract Surg 31:2012–2015

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Kuo IC, Margolis TP, Cevallos V, Hwang DG (2001) Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. Cornea 20:342–344

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Perez-Santonja JJ, Galal A, Cardona C, Artola A, Ruiz-Moreno JM, Alió JL (2005) Severe corneal epithelial sloughing during laser in situ keratomileusis as a presenting sign for silent epithelial basement membrane dystrophy. J Cataract Refract Surg 31:1932–1937

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. De Rojas Silva MV, Diez Feijo E, Rodriguez Ares MT, Sanchez-Salorio M (2004) Confocal microscopy of stage 4 diffuse lamellar keratitis with spontaneous resolution. J Refract Surg 20:391–6

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Lin JM, Tsai Y, tseng SH (2005) Spontaneous regression of dense epithelial ingrowth after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Refract Surg 21:300–302

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Perez-Santonja JJ, Medrano M, Ruiz-Moreno JM, Cardona-Ausina C, Alió L (2001) Circular flap rhexis: a refinement technique for LASIK re-treatment. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 76:303–308

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Azar DT, Scally A, Hannush SB, Soukiasian S, Terry M (2003) Characteristic clinical findings and visual outcomes. J Cataract Refract Surg 29:2358–2365

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Yang B, Wang Z, Chen J (2001) The management of epithelial ingrowth after laser in situ keratomileusis. Chin Med Sci J 16:241–243

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

de la Cruz, J. et al. (2008). LASIK: Early Postoperative Complications. In: Alió, J.L., Azar, D.T. (eds) Management of Complications in Refractive Surgery. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-37584-5_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-37584-5_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-37583-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-37584-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics