Skip to main content

Genetik psychischer Störungen

  • Chapter
Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie
  • 11k Accesses

Auszug

Die genetische Forschung hat in der Psychiatrie seit über 100 Jahren eine sehr wechselhafte Geschichte. So wurde über viele Jahrzehnte des 20. Jahrhunderts in Psychologie und Psychiatrie eine heftige, teilweise verbitterte Diskussion über »Gen oder Umwelt?« (»nature versus nurture «) bei psychischen Erkrankungen und Eigenschaften geführt: Sind Verhaltensdispositionen, psy chische Anlagen und Eigenschaften, psychische Beschwerden und Störungen auf genetisch-konstitutionelle Faktoren oder psychosoziale Belastungen und andere Umwelteinflüsse zurückführbar? Diese Frage hat sich als nicht entscheidbar herausgestellt, solange nur die Analyse von familiären Ähnlichkeitsmustern von äußerlichen Merkmalen (Phänotypen) möglich war.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 199.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  • Abkevich V, Camp NJ, Hensel CH et al. (2003) Predisposition locus for major depression at chromosome 12q22-12q23.2. Am J Hum Genet 73: 1271–1281

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Angst J (1966) Zur Ätiologie und Nosologie endogener depressiver Psychosen. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Baker M, Mackenzie IR, Pickering-Brown SM et al. (2006) Mutations in progranulin cause tau-negative frontotemporal dementia linked to chromosome 17. Nature 442: 916–919

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barden N, Harvey M, Gagné B et al. (2006) Analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes in the chromosome 12Q24.31 region points to P2RX7 as a susceptibility gene to bipolar affective disorder. Am J Med Genet Part B (Neuropsychiatric Genetics) 141B: 374–382

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baron M (1996) Further reflections on linkage results in schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet 67: 430–432

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beckmann H, Franzek E, Stöber G (1996) Genetic heterogeneity in catatonic schizophrenia: a family genetic study. Am J Med Genet 67: 289–300

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Begleiter H, Porjesz B (1999) What is inherited in the predisposition toward alcoholism? A proposed model. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 23: 1125–1135

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bergem ALM, Engedal K, Kringlen E (1997) The role of heredity in lateonset Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia — a twin study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 54: 264–270

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bertelsen A, Harvald B, Hauge M (1977) A Danish twin study of manic-depressive disorders. Br J Psychiatry 130: 330–351

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Biederman J, Rosenbaum JF, Bolduc EA et al. (1991) A high risk study of young children of parents with panic disorder and agoraphobia with and without comorbid major depression. Psychiatry Res 37: 333–348

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bierut LJ, Heath AC, Bucholz KK et al. (1999) Major depressive disorder in a community-based twin sample: are there different genetic and environmental contributions for men and women? Arch Gen Psychiatry 56: 557–563

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Black DW, Noyes R, Goldstein RB, Blum N (1992) A family study of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 49: 362–368

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Black DW, Gaffney GR, Schlosser S, Gabel J (2003) Children of parents with obsessive-compulsive disorder — a 2-year follow-up study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 107: 305–313

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brena RM, Huang TH-M, Plass C (2006) Toward a human epigenome. Nature Genetics Vol 38, No 12: 1359–1360

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cadoret RJ, O’Gorman TW, Troughton E (1985) Alcoholism and antisocial personality: interrelationships, genetic and environmental factors. Arch Gen Psychiatry 42: 161–167

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cadoret RJ, Yates WR, Troughton E et al. (1995) Adoption study demonstrating two genetic pathways to drug abuse. Arch Gen Psychiatry 52: 42–52

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cannon TD (2005) The inheritance of intermediate phenotypes for schizophrenia. Curr Opin Psychiatry 18: 135–140

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cannon TD, Zorrilla LE, Shtasel D et al. (1994) Neuropsychological functioning in siblings discordant for schizophrenia and healthy volunteers. Arch Gen Psychiatry 51: 651–661

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cannon TD, Kaprio J, Lönnqvist J et al. (1998) The genetic epidemiology of schizophrenia in a Finnish twin cohort. Arch Gen Psychiatry 55: 67–74

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cardno AG, Marshall EJ, Coid B et al. (1999) Heritability estimates for psychotic dis-orders: the Maudsley twin psychosis series. Arch Gen Psychiatry 56: 162–168

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carey G, Gottesman II (1981) Twin and family studies to anxiety, phobic, and absesive disorders. Klein DF, Rabkin J (eds) Anxiety: new research and changing concepts. Raven, New York, pp 117–136

    Google Scholar 

  • Caselli RJ, Beach TG, Yaari R, Reiman EM (2006) Alzheimer’s Disease A Centruy Later. J Clin Psychiatry 67: 1784–1800

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Caspi A, Sugden K, Moffitt TE et al. (2003) Influence of life stresss on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene. Science 301: 386–389

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen WJ, Loh EW, Hsu Y-PP, Cheng ATA (1997) Alcohol dehydrogenase und aldehyde dehydrogenase genotypes and alcoholism among Taiwanese aborigines. Biol Psychiatry 41: 703–709

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chumakov I, Blumenfeld M, Guerassimenko O et al. (2002) Genetic and phasiologica data implicatin the new human gene G72 and the gene for D-Amino acid oxidase in schizophrenia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99: 13675–13680

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cloninger CR (1987) Neurogenetic adaptive mechanism in alcoholism. Science 236: 412–420

    Google Scholar 

  • Cloninger CR, Bohmann M, Sigvardsson S (1981) Inheritance of alcohol abuse: cross-fostering analysis of adopted men. Arch Gen Psychiatry 38: 861–868

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Corder EH, Saunders AM, Strittmatter WJ et al. (1993) Gene dose of apolipoprotein E type 4 allele and the risk of Alzheimer’s disease in late onset families. Science 261: 921–923

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coryell W, Zimmerman M (1988) The heritability of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 45: 323–327

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Craddock N, Owen MJ (2005) The beginning of the end for the Kraepelinian dichotomy. Brit J Psychiatry 186: 364–366

    Google Scholar 

  • Craddock N, Williams NM, Green EK et al. (2006) Variation at the DAOA/ G30 locus influences susceptibility to major mood episodes but not psychosis in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 63: 366–373

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cruts M, Gijselninck I, van der Zee J et al. (2006) Null mutations in progranulin cause ubiquitin-positive frontotemporal dementia linked to chromosome 17q21. Nature 442: 920–924

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davidson J, Smith R, Kudler H (1989) Familial psychiatric illness in chronic posttraumatic stress disorder. Compr Psychiatry 30: 339–345

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Edenberg HJ, Foroud (2006) The genetics of alcoholism: identifying specific genes through familly studies. Addict Biol 11: 386–396

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fanous A, Gardner CO, Prescott CA et al. (2002) Neuroticism, major depression and gender: a population-based twin study. Psychological Medicine 32: 719–728

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fanous AH, van den Oord EJ, Riley BP et al. (2005) Relationship between a high-risk haplotype in the DTNBP1 (dysbinding) gene and clinical features of schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 162: 1824–1832

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Faraone SV, Seidman LJ, Kremen WS et al. (1995) Neuropsychological functioning among the nonpsychotic relatives of schizophrenic patients: a diagnostic efficiency analysis. J Abnorm Psychol 104: 286–304

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Farmer AE, McGuffin P, Gottesman II (1987) Twin concordance for DSM-III schizophrenia: scrutinising the validity of the definition. Arch Gen Psychiatry 44: 634–641

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Farmer A, Elkin A, McGuffin P (2007) The genetics of bipolar affective disorder. Curr Opin Psychiatry 20: 8–12

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Farrer LA, Sherbatich T, Keryanov SA et al. (2000) Association between angiotensin-converting enzyme and Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 57: 210–214

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fazzari MJ, Greally JM (2004) Epigenomics: beyond CpG islands. Nat Rev Genet 5: 446–455

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Foroud T, Edenberg HJ, Goate A et al. (2000) Alcoholism susceptibility loci: confirmation studies in a replicate sample and further mapping. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 24: 933–945

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Franke P, Maier W, Hardt J et al. (1994) Attentional abilities and measures of schizotypy: their variation and covariation in schizophrenic patients, their siblings, and normal control subjects. Psychiatry Res 54: 259–272

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Franzek E, Beckmann H (1996) Die genetische Heterogenität der Schizophrenie. Ergebnisse einer systematischen Zwillingsstudie. Nervenarzt 67: 583–594

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Friedman D, Cornblatt BA, Vaughan H, Erlenmeyer-Kimling L (1988) Auditory event-related potentials in children at risk for schizophrenia: The complete initial sample. Psychiatry Res 26: 203–221

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fyer AJ, Mannuzza S, Gallops MS et al. (1990) Familial transmission of simple phobias and fears. Arch Gen Psychiatry 47: 252–256

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fyer AJ, Mannuzza S, Chapman TF et al. (1995) Specificity in familial aggregation of phobic disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 52: 564–573

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fyer AJ, Mannuzza S, Chapman TF et al. (1996) Panic disorder and social phobia: effects of comorbidity on familial transmission. Anxiety 2: 173–178

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fyer AJ, Hamilton SP, Durner M et al. (2006) A third-pass genome scan in panic disorder: Evidence for multiple susceptibility loci. Biol Psychiatry 60: 388–401

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gatz M, Reynolds CA, Fratiglioni L et al. (2006) Role of genes and environments for explaining Alzheimer disease. Arch Gen Psychiatry 63: 168–174

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gershon ES, DeLisi LE, Hamovit J et al. (1988) A controlled family study of chronic psychoses. Schizophrenia and schizoaffective psychoses. Arch Gen Psychiatry 45: 328–336

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gilligan SB, Reich T, Cloninger CR (1987) Etiologic heterogenity in alcoholism. Genet Epidemiol 4: 395–414

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goldstein RB, Weissman MM, Adams PB et al. (1994) Psychiatric disorders in relatives of probands with panic disorders and/or major depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 51: 383–394

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goldstein RB, Wickramaratne PJ, Horwarth E, Weissman MM (1997) Familial aggregation and phenomenology of »Early«-Onset (at or before age 20 years) panic disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 54: 271–278

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gottesman II, Bertelsen A (1989) Confirming unexpressed genotypes for schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 46: 867–872

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gottesman II, Gould TD (2003) The endophenotype concept in psychiatry: etymology and strategic intentions. Am J Psychiatry 160: 636–645

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grados MA, Riddle MA Samuels JF et al. (2001) Teh familial phenotype of obsessive-compulsive disorder in relation to tic disorders: the Hopkins OCD familiy study. Biol Psychiatry 50: 559–565

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Green MF, Nuechterlein KH, Breitmeier B (1997) Backward masking performance in unaffected siblings of schizophrenic patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 54: 465–472

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Green EK, Raybould R, Macgregor S et al. (2005) Operation of the schizophrenia susceptibility gene, neuregulin 1, across traditional diagnostic boundaries to increase risk for bipolar disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 62: 642–648

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Green EK, Williams NM, Macgregor S et al. (2006) Variation at the DAOA/G30 Locus Influences Susceptibility to Major Mood Episodes but Not Psychosis in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 63: 366–373

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grupe A, Abraham R, Li Y, Rowland C et al. (2007) Evidence for novel susceptibility genes for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease from a genome-wide association study of putative functional variants. Hum Mol Genet doi:10.1093/hmg/ddm031

    Google Scholar 

  • Hariri AR, Mattay VS, Tessitore A et al. (2002) Serotonin transporter genetic variation and the response of the human amygdala. Science 297: 400–403

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harrison PJ, Owen MJ (2003) Genes for schizophrenia? Recent findings and their pathophysiological implications. Lancet 361: 417–419

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hasler G, Drevets WC, Manji HK, Charney DS (2004) Discovering Endophenotypes for Major Depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 29: 1765–1781

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hasler G, Drevets WC, Gould TD et al. (2006) Toward Constructing an Endophenotype Strategy for Bipolar Disorders. Biol Psychiatry 60: 93–105

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hattori E, Liu C, Badner JA et al. (2003) Polymorphisms at the G72/G30 gene locus, on 13q33, are associated with bipolar disorder in two independent pedigree series. Am J Hum Genet 72: 1131–1140

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heath AC, Meyer J, Eaves LJ, Martin NG (1991) The inheritance of alcohol consumption patterns in a general population twin sample: I. multidimensional scaling of quantity/frequency data. J Stud Alcohol 52: 345–351

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heath AC, Meyer J, Jardine R, Martin NG (1991) The inheritance of alcohol consumption patterns in a general population twin sample: II. determinants of consumption frequency and quantity consumed. J Stud Alcohol 52: 425–433

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heinz A, Braus DF, Smolka MN et al. (2005) Amygdala-prefrontal coupling depends on a genetic variation of the serotonin transporter. Nat Neurosci 8: 20–21

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hettema JM, Prescott CA, Kendler KS (2001) A population-based twin study of generalized anxiety disorder in men and women. J Nerv Ment Dis 189: 413–420

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hettema JM, Prescott CA, Kendler KS (2004) Genetic and environmental sources of covariation between gneralized anxiety disorder and neuroticism. Am J Psychiatry 161: 1581–1587

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hettema JM, Prescott CA, Myers JM et al. (2005) The structure of genetic and environmental risk factors for anxiety disorders in men and women. Arch Gen Psychiatry 62: 182–189

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hettema JM, Neale MC, Myers JM et al. (2006) A population-based twin study of the relationship between neuroticism and internalizing disorders. Am J Psychiatry 163: 857–864

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heun R, Kölsch H, Jessen F (2006) Risk factors and early signs of Alzheimer’s disease in a family study sample. Risk of AD. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 256(1): 28–36

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hicks BM, Krueger RF, Iacano WG et al. (2004) Family transmission and heritability of externalizing disorders: a twin-family study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 61: 922–928

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Higuchi S, Muramatsu T, Shigemori K et al. (1992) The relationship between low Km aldehyde dehydrogenase phenotype and drinking behavior in Japanese. J Stud Alcohol 53: 170–175

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Higuchi S, Matsushita S, Kashima H (2006) New findings on the genetic influences on alcohol use and dependence. Curr Opin Psychiatry 19: 253–265

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Holmans P, Craddock N (1997) Efficient strategies for genome scanning using maximum-likelihood affected-sib-pair analysis. Am J Hum Genet 60: 657–666

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holzman PS, Kringlen E, Matthysse S et al. (1988) A single dominant gene can account for eye tracking dysfunctions and schizophrenia in offspring of discordant twins. Arch Gen Psychiatry 45: 641–647

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaprio J, Viken R, Koskenvuo M et al. (1992) Consistency and change in patterns of social drinking: a 6-year follow-up of the Finnish twin cohort. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 16: 234–240

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaprio J, Koskenvuo M (2002) Genetic and environmental factors in complex diseases: the older Finnish twin cohort. Twin Res 5: 358–365

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Keefe RSE, Silverman JM, Mohs RC et al. (1997) Eye tracking, attention, and schizotypal symptoms in nonpsychotic relatives of patients with schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 54: 169–176

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kelsoe JR, Ginns EI, Egeland JA et al. (1989) Re-evaluation of the linkage relationship between chromosome 11p loci and the gene for bipolar affective disorder in the Old Order Amish. Nature 342: 238–243

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kendler KS (1993) Twin studies of psychiatric illness: current status and future directions. Arch Gen Psychiatry 50: 905–915

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kendler KS, Diehl SR (1993) The genetics of schizophrenia: a current, genetic-epidemiologic perspective. Schizophr Bull 19: 261–285

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kendler KS, Walters EE, Neale MC et al. (1995) The structure of the genetic and environmental risk factors for six major psychiatric disorders in women. Arch Gen Psychiatry 52: 374–383

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kendler KS, Prescott CA (1999) A population-based twin study of lifetime major depression in men and women. Arch Gen Psychiatry 56: 39–44

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kendler KS, Neale MC, Kessler RC et al. (1992 a) A population-based twin study of major depression im women. The impact of varying definitions of illness. Arch Gen Psychiatry 49: 257–266

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kendler KS, Neale MC, Kessler RC et al. (1992 b) Major depression and generalized anxiety disorder. Same genes, (partly) different environments? Arch Gen Psychiatry 49: 716–722

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kendler KS, Heath AC, Neale MC et al. (1992 c) A population-based twin study of alcoholism in women. JAMA 268:1877–1882

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kendler KS, Heath AC, Neale MC et al. (1992 d) A population-based twin study of alcoholism in women. JAMA 268: 1877–1882

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kendler KS, McGuire M, Gruenberg AM et al. (1993 a) The Roscommon Family Study. IV. Affective illness, anxiety disorders, and alcoholism in relatives. Arch Gen Psychiatry 50: 952–960

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kendler KS, Kessler RC, Neale MC et al. (1993 b) The prediction of major depression in women: toward an integrated etiologic model. Am J Psychiatry 150: 1139–1148

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kendler KS, Neale MC, Kessler RC et al. (1993 c) Panic disorder in women: a population-based twin study. Psychol Med 23: 397–406

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kendler KS, Pedersen NL, Johnson L et al. (1993 d) A pilot Swedish twin study of affective illness including hospital-and population-ascertained subsamples. Arch Gen Psychiatry 50: 699–706

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kendler KS, McGuire M, Gruenberg AM, Walsh D (1995) Schizotypal symptoms and signs in the Roscommon Family Study. Their factor structure and familial relationship with psychotic and affective disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 52: 296–303

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kendler KS, Karkowski-Shuman L, Walsh D (1996) Age at onset in schizophrenia and risk of illness in relatives. Br J Psychiatry 169: 213–218

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kendler KS, Prescott CA, Myers J, Neale MC (2003 a) The Structure of Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for Common Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders in Men and Women. Arch Gen Psychiatry 60: 929–937

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kendler KS, Jacobson KC, Prescott CA, Neale M (2003 b) Specificity of Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for Use and Abuse/Dependence of Cannabis, Cocaine, Hallucinogens, Sedatives, Stimulants, and Opiates in Male Twins. Am J Psychiatry 160: 687–695

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kety SS (1983) Mental illness in the biological and adoptive relatives of schizophrenic adoptees, findings relevant to genetic and environmental factors in etiology. Am J Psychiatry 140: 720–727

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kinney DK, Holzman PS, Jacobsen B et al. (1997) Thought disorder in schizophrenic and control adoptees and their relatives. Arch Gen Psychiatry 54: 475–479

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klein DN, Lewinsohn PM, Seeley JR, Rohde P (2001) A family study of major depressive disorder in a community sample of adolescents. Arch Gen Psychiatry 58:13–20

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klein DN, Shankman SA, Lewinsohn PM et al. (2004) Family study of chronic depression in a community sample of young adults. Am J Psychiatry 161: 646–653

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kreek MJ (2001) Drug addictions. Molecular and cellular endpoints. Ann N Y Acad Sci 937: 27–49

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kringlen E (1976) Twins — still our best method. Schizophr Bull 2: 429–433

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lander ES, Schork N (1994) Genetic dissection of complex traits. Science 265: 2037–2048

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lauer CJ, Schreiber W, Holsboer F, Krieg JC (1995) In quest of identifying vulnerability markers for psychiatric disorders by all-night polysomnography. Arch Gen Psychiatry 52: 145–153

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Laursen TM, Labouriau R, Licht RW et al. (2005) Family history of psychiatric illness as a risk factor for schizoaffective disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 62: 841–848

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lerer B (2002) Pharmacogenetics of psychotropic drugs. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Levinson DF (2006) The genetics of depression: a review. Biol Psychiatry 60: 84–92

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis DA, Gonzales-Burgos G (2006) Pathophysiologically based treatment interventions in schizophrenia. Nature Medicine 12: 1016–1022

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lieb R, Wittchen HU, Hofler M et al. (2000) Parental psychopathology, parenting styles, and the risk of social phobia in offspring: a prospective-longitudinal community study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 57: 859–866

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Long JC, Knowler WC, Hanson RL et al. (1998) Evidence for genetic linkage to alcohol dependence on chromosomes 4 and 11 from an autosome-wide scan in an American Indian population. Am J Med Genet 81: 216–221

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Luchsinger JA, Tang M-X, Shea S, Mayex R (2002) Caloric intake and the risk of Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 59: 1258–1263

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lyons MJ, Eisen SA, Goldberg J et al. (1998) A registry-based twin study of depression in men. Arch Gen Psychiatry 55: 468–472

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maier W (1995) Mechanismen der familiären Übertragung von Alkoholabhängigkeit und Alkoholabusus. Z Klin Psychol 24: 147–158

    Google Scholar 

  • Maier W, Lichtermann D (1993) Die familiäre Häufung affektiver Erkrankungen. Eine Übersicht über neuere familiengenetische Arbeiten. Nervenheilk 12: 34–40

    Google Scholar 

  • Maier W, Philipp M (1993) Reliabilität und Validität der Subtypisierung und Schweregradmessung depressiver Syndrome, Monographien aus dem Gesamtgebiete der Psychiatrie, Bd 72. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokio

    Google Scholar 

  • Maier W, Lichtermann D, Minges J et al. (1993 a) Continuity and discontinuity of affective disorders and schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 50: 871–883

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maier W, Minges J, Lichtermann D (1993 b) Alcoholism and panic disorder: co-occurrence and co-transmission in families. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 243: 205–211

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maier W, Lichtermann D, Minges, Oehrlein A, Franke P (1993 c). A controlled family study in panic disorder. J Psychiatr Res 27(Suppl 1): 79–87

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Maier W, Lichtermann D, Minges J, Heun R (1994 a) Personality disorders among the relatives of schizophrenia patients. Schizophr Bull 20: 481–493

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maier W, Lichtermann D, Minges J (1994 b) The relationship between alcoholism and unipolar depression — a controlled family study. J Psychiatr Res 28: 303–317

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maier W, Lichtermann D, Franke P et al. (2002) The dichotomy of schizophrenia and affective disorders in extended pedigrees. Schizophr Res 57: 259–266

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mannuzza S, Scneier FR, Chapman TF et al. (1995) Generalized social phobia: reliability and validity. Arch Gen Psychiatry 52: 230–237

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mayeux R (2006) Genetic Epidemiology of Alzheimer Disease. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 20: 58–62

    Google Scholar 

  • McGue M, Gottesman II (1991) The genetic epidemiology of schizophrenia and the design of linkage studies. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 240: 174–181

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McGue M, Pickens RW, Sviskis DS (1992) Sex and age effects on the inheritance of alcohol problems: a twin study. J Abnorm Psychol 101: 3–17

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McGuffin P, Farmer AE, Gottesmann II et al. (1984) Twin concordance for operationally defined schizophrenia. Confirmation of familiality and heritability. Arch Gen Psychiatry 41: 541–545

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McGuffin P, Katz R, Rutherford J (1991) Nature, nurture and depression: a twin study. Psychol Med 21: 329–335

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McGuffin P, Craddock N, Owen M (1994) Darier’s disease cosegregating with affective disorder. Br J Psychiatry 165: 272

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McGuffin P, Katz R, Watkins S, Rutherford J (1996) A hospital-based twin register of the heritability of DSM-IV unipolar depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 53: 129–136

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McGuffin P, Rijsdijk F, Andrew M et al. (2003) The heritability of bipolar affective disorder and the genetic relationship to unipolar depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 60: 497–502

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McGuffin P, Knight J, Breen G et al. (2005) Whole genome linkage scan of recurrent depressive disorder from the depression network study. Hum Mol Genet 14: 3337–3345

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McQueen MB, Devlin B, Faraone SV et al. (2005) Combined analysis from eleven linkage studies of bipolar disorder provides strong evidence of susceptibility loci on chromosomes 6q and 8q. Am J Hum Genet 77: 582–595

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meaney MJ (2001) Maternal care, gene expression, and the transmission of individual differences in stress reactivity across generations. Ann Rev Neurosci 24: 1161–1192

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mendlewicz J, Papadimitriou GN, Wilmotte J (1993) Family study of panic disorder: comparison with generalized anxiety disorder, major depression and normal subjects. Psychiatr Genet 3: 73–78

    Google Scholar 

  • Merikangas KR, Stolar M, Stevens DE et al. (1998) Familial transmission of substance use disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 55: 973–979

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Merikangas KR, Low NC (2005) Genetic epidemiology of anxiety disorders. Handb Exp Pharmacol, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, New York Tokio, pp 163–179

    Google Scholar 

  • Myers A, Holmans P, Marshall H et al. (2000) Susceptibility locus for Alzheimer’s disease on chromosome 10. Science 290: 2304–2305

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nazarian R, Starcevic M, Spencer MJ, Esteban CD’A (2006) Reinvestigation of the dysbindin subunit of BLOC-1 (biogenesis of lysosomerelated organelles complex-1) as dystrobrevin-binding protein. Biochem J 395: 587–589

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nestadt G, Samuels J, Riddle M et al. (2000) A family study of obsessivecompulsive disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 57: 358–363

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nöthen MM, Propping P, Fimmers R (1993) Association versus linkage studies in psychosis genetics. J Med Genet 30: 634–637

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Noyes R, Crowe RR, Harris EL et al. (1986) Relationship between panic disorder and agoraphobia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 43: 227–232

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Noyes R, Clarkson C, Crowe RR et al. (1987) A family study of generalized anxiety disorder. Am J Psychiatry 144: 1019–1024

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nurnberger JI, Blehar MC, Kaufmann CA et al. (1994) Diagnostic interview for genetic studies. Arch Gen Psychiatry 51: 849–859

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nurnberger JI, Wiegand R, Bucholz K et al. (2004) A family study of alcohol dependence. Arch Gen Psychiatry 61: 1246–1256

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Onstad S, Skre I, Torgersen S, Kringlen E (1991) Twin concordance for DSM-III-R schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatr Scand 83: 395–402

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Park S, Holzman PS, Goldman-Rakic S (1995) Spatial working memory deficits in the relatives of schizophrenic patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 52: 821–828

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parnas J, Cannon TD, Jacobsen B et al. (1993) Lifetime DSM-III-R diagnostic outcomes in the offspring of schizophrenic mothers. Arch Gen Psychiatry 50: 707–714

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pauls DL, Alsobrook JP 2nd, Goodman W et al. (1995) A family study of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 152: 76–84

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perna G, Bertani A, Gabriele A et al. (1997) Modification of 35% carbon dioxide hypersensitivity across one week of treatment with clomipramine and fluvoxamine: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Psychopharmacol 17: 173–178

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perris C (1966) A study of bipolar (manic-depressive) and unipolar recurrent depressive psychoses, introduction. Acta Psychiatr Scand (Suppl 194): 9–14

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pickens RW, Svikis DS, McGue M et al. (1991) Heterogeneity in the inheritance of alcoholism. A study of male and female twins. Arch Gen Psychiatry 48: 19–28

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prescott u. Kendler (1999) Genetic an environmental cotributions to alcohol abuse and dependence in a population-based sample of male twins. Am J Psychiatry 156: 34–40

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prescott CA, Sullivan PF, Kuo PH et al. (2006) Genomewide linkage study in the Irish affected sib pair study of alcohol dependence: evidence for a susceptibility region for symptoms of alcohol dependence on chromosome 4. Mol Psychiatry 11: 603–611

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Propping P (1989) Psychiatrische Genetik. Befunde und Konzepte. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokio

    Google Scholar 

  • Reich T, Edenberg HJ, Goate A et al. (1998) Genome-wide search for genes affecting the risk for alcohol dependence. Am J Med Genet 81: 207–215

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Risch N (1990) Linkage strategies for genetically complex traits. I. Multilocus models. Am J Hum Genet 46: 222–228

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Risch NJ (2000) Searching for genetic determinants in the new millennium. Nature 405: 847–856

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Risch N, Merikangas K (1996) The future of genetic studies of complex human diseases. Science 273: 1516–1517

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberg DR, Sweeney, JA, Squires-Wheeler E et al. (1997) Eye-tracking dysfunction in offspring from the New York high-risk project: diagnostic specificity and the role of attention. Psychiatry Res 66: 121–130

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ross CA, Margolis RL, Reading SAJ et al. (2006) Neurobiology of Schizophrenia. Neuron 52: 139–153

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rüdin E (1916) Zur Vererbung und Neuentstehung der Dementia praecox. Studien über Vererbung und Entstehung geistiger Störungen. Handbuch der Erbkrankheiten, Bd 2, Die Schizophrenie. Springer, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Saunders AM, Schmader K, Breitner JC et al. (1993) Apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele distributions in late-onset Alzheimer’s disease and in other amyloid-forming diseases. Lancet 342: 710–711

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scherrer JF, True WR, Xian H et al. (2000) Evidence for genetic influences common and specific to symptoms of generalized anxiety and panic. J Affect Disord 57: 25–35

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schuckit MA (1984 a) Differences in plasma cortisol after ethanol in relatives of alcoholics and controls. J Clin Psychiatry 144: 854–859

    Google Scholar 

  • Schuckit MA (1984 b) Prospective markers for alcoholism. In: Goodwin DW, Van Dusen KT, Mednick SA (eds) Longitudinal research in alcoholism. Kluwer-Nijhoff, Boston, pp 147–163

    Google Scholar 

  • Schuckit MA, Gold E, Risch SC (1987) Plasma cortisol levels following ethanol in sons of alcoholics and controls. Arch Gen Psychiatry 44: 942–945

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schulze G, Hedeker D, Zandi P et al. (2006) What is Familial About Familial Bipolar Disorder?. Arch Gen Psychiatry 63: 1368–1376

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Serretti A, Kato M, De Ronchi D, Kinoshita T (2007) Meta-analysis of serotonin transporter gene promoter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) association with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor efficacy in depressed patients. Molecular Psychiatry 12: 247–257

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shih RA, Belmonte PL, Zandi PP (2004) A review of the evidence from family, twin and adoption studies for a genetic contribution to adult psychiatric disorders. Int Rev Psychiatry 16: 260–283

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Silberg J, Rutter M, Neale M, Eaves L (2001) Genetic moderation of environmental risk for depression and anxiety in adolescent girls. Br J Psychiatry 179: 116–121

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Skre I, Onstad S, Torgersen S et al. (1993) A twin study of DSM-III-R anxiety disorders. Acta Psychiatr Scand 88: 85–92

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stefansson H, Sarginson J, Kong A et al. (2003) Association of Neuregulin 1 with schizophrenia confirmed in a Scottish population. Am J Hum Genet 72: 83–87

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stein MB, Chartier MJ, Hazen AL et al. (1998) A direct-interview family study of generalized social phobia. Am J Psychiatry 155: 90–97

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Straub RE, Jiang Y, MacLean CJ et al. (2002) Genetic variation in the 6p22.3 gene DTNBP1, the human ortholog of the mouse dysbindin gene, is associated with schizophrenia. Am J Hum Genet 71: 337–348

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sullivan PF, Kendler KS (1999) The gentic epidemiology of smoking. Nicotine Tob Res 1(Suppl 2): S51–S57

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sullivan PF, Neale MC, Kendler KS (2000) Genetic epidemiology of major depression: review and meta-analysis. Am J Psychiatry 157: 1552–1562

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tarter RE, Hegedus AM, Goldstein G et al. (1984) Adolescent sons of alcoholics: neurophysiological and personality characteristics. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 8: 216–222

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tienari P, Wynne LC, Sorri A et al. (2004) Genotype-environment interaction in schizophrenia-spectrum disorder. Long-term follow-up study of Finnish adoptees. Br J Psychiatry 184: 216–222

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Torgersen S (1986) Genetic factors in moderately severe and mild affective disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 43: 222–226

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • True WR, Rice J, Eisen SA et al. (1993) A twin study of genetic and environmental contributions to liability for posttraumatic stress symptoms. Arch Gen Psychiatry 50: 257–264

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tsuang MT, Lyons MJ, Meyer JM et al. (1998) Co-occurrence of abuse of different drugs in men: the role of drug-specific and shared vulnerabilities. Arch Gen Psychiatry 55: 967–972

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tsuang DW, Skol AD, Faraone SV et al. (2001) Examination of genetic linkage of chromosome 15 to schizophrenia in a large Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study sample. Am J Med Genet 105: 662–668

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van Os J, Marcelis M, Sham P et al. (1997) Psychopathological syndromes and familial morbid risk of psychosis. Br J Psychiatry 170: 241–246

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Viken RJ, Kaprio J, Koskenvuo M et al. (1999) Longitudinal analyses of the determinants of drinking and of drinking to intoxication in adoslescent twins. Behav Genet 29: 455–461

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vogel F (1959) Moderne Probleme der Humangenetik. Ergebn Inn Med Kinderheilk 12: 52–125

    Google Scholar 

  • Weissman MM, Wickramaratne P, Adams PB et al. (1993) The relationship between panic disorder and major depression. A new family study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 50: 767–780

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Williams NM, Green EK, Macgregor S et al. (2006) Variation at the DAOA/G30 locus influences susceptibility to major mood episodes but not psychosis in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 63: 366–373

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Winokur G, Clayton P (1966) Family history studies. I. Two types of affective disorders separated according to genetic and clinical factors. Recent Adv Biol Psychiatry 9: 35–50

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Winokur G, Coryell W, Keller M et al. (1995) A family study of manic-depressive (bipolar I) disease. Arch Gen Psychiatry 52: 367–383

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zahn TP, Nurnberger JI, Berrettini WH (1989) Electrodermal activity in young adults at genetic risk for affective disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 46: 1120–1124

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zammit S, Owen MJ (2006) Stressful life events, 5-HTT genotype and risk of depression. Brit J Psychiatry 188: 199–201

    Google Scholar 

  • Zobel A, Maier W (2004) Endophänotypen — Ein neues Konzept zur biologischen Charakterisierung psychischer Störungen. Nervenarzt 75: 205–214

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer Medizin Verlag Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Maier, W., Zobel, A., Schwab, S. (2008). Genetik psychischer Störungen. In: Möller, HJ., Laux, G., Kapfhammer, HP. (eds) Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-33129-2_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-33129-2_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-24583-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-33129-2

  • eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics