Abstract
A new logic of belief (in the “Only knowing” family) with confidence levels is presented. The logic allows a natural distinction between explicit and implicit belief representations, where the explicit form directly expresses its models. The explicit form can be found by applying a set of equivalence preserving rewriting rules to the implicit form. The rewriting process is performed entirely within the logic, on the object level. We prove that the problem of deciding whether there exists a consistent explicit form is Σ\(^{p}_{\rm 2}\)-complete, a complexity class which many problems of nonmonotonic reasoning belong to.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Delgrande, J.P., Schaub, T.: Expressing Preferences in Default Logic. Artificial Intelligence 123, 41–87 (2000)
Engan, I., Lian, E.H., Waaler, A.: Reasoning with Prioritized Defaults in Only Knowing Logic. Unpublished report, University of Oslo
Fitting, M., Thalmann, L., Voronkov, A.: Term-Modal Logics. Studia Logica 69, 133–169 (2001)
Gottlob, G.: Complexity Results for Nonmonotonic Logics. Journal of Logic and Computation 2, 397–425 (1992)
Halpern, J.Y., Lakemayer, G.: Levesque’s Axiomatization of Only Knowing is Incomplete. Artificial Intelligence 74, 381–387 (1995)
Klüwer, J.W.: Contexts of Reasoning. PhD thesis, University of Oslo (forthcoming)
Konolige, K.: Hierarchic Autoepistemic Theories for Nonmonotonic Reasoning. Technical report, SRI International (1988)
Levesque, H.J.: All I Know: A Study in Autoepistemic Logic. Artificial Intelligence 42, 263–309 (1990)
Levesque, H.J., Lakemeyer, G.: The Logic of Knowledge Bases. The MIT Press, Cambridge (2000)
Moore, R.: Semantical Considerations on Nonmonotonic Logic. Artificial Intelligence 25, 75–94 (1985)
Rosati, R.: Complexity of Only Knowing: The Propositional Case. Logic Programming and Non-monotonic Reasoning, 76–91 (1997)
Rosati, R.: A Sound and Complete Tableau Calculus for Reasoning about Only Knowing and Knowing at Most. Studia Logica 69, 171–191 (2001)
Segerberg, K.: Some Modal Reduction Theorems in Autoepistemic Logic. Uppsala Prints and Preprints in Philosophy (1995)
Waaler, A.: Logical Studies in ComplementaryWeak S5. Doctoral thesis, University of Oslo (1994)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Lian, E.H., Langholm, T., Waaler, A. (2004). Only Knowing with Confidence Levels: Reductions and Complexity. In: Alferes, J.J., Leite, J. (eds) Logics in Artificial Intelligence. JELIA 2004. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 3229. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30227-8_42
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30227-8_42
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-23242-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-30227-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive