Abstract
Following current thought concerning modern production concepts, an increasing trend to network organizations (supply networks) can be identified. On a macro level such networks consist of more or less independent subsystems (enterprises). The subsystems represent networks of interconnected production and storage units. The enterprises as well as the production and storage units are linked by energy and material flows. Using this model, environmental impacts can be identified at any stage of the production process.
On the macro level (enterprise level) energy and material flows are mainly determined by the total amount and the allocation of the workload between individual enterprises. In this context production coordination mechanisms are needed to coordinate the flows in question taking into account economical (e.g. maximization of marginal income) and ecological (e.g. minimization of emissions) goals. Furthermore the specific preference of the individual enterprises, concerning the weighting of economical and ecological aspects, must be considered. For this reason mixed policies focusing simultaneously on economical aims (reactive approach) and ecological aims (proactive approach) are implemented. On the micro level (factory level) control mechanisms are needed to implement the reference values (production program) given by the enterprise level.
Due to the structure of supply networks (more or less independent enterprises on the enterprise level with frequent and specific transactions on the factory level) the coordination process of a whole enterprise is modelled by a cascade controller implemented by a two-stage multi-agent system. The multi-criteria objective function of the enterprise agents is modelled via goal programming which captures the mixed policies above mentioned. The multi-agent system of the controller on the factory level is implemented by a Fuzzy-Petri Net.
The coordination mechanisms are illustrated with the help of a virtual supply network of the textile industry.
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Tuma, A., Friedl, J., Franke, S. (2004). Environmental-Oriented Coordination of Supply Networks. In: Dyckhoff, H., Lackes, R., Reese, J. (eds) Supply Chain Management and Reverse Logistics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24815-6_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24815-6_9
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