Zusammenfassung
Die Methodik der empirischen Sozialforschung ist imWesentlichen von repräsentativen Umfragen gekennzeichnet, die im Kern auf retrospektiven Selbstberichten beruhen. Neuere experimentelle Untersuchungen haben gezeigt, dass diese Methodik, insbesondere bei der Erfassung emotionaler Erfahrungen und physiologischer Indikatoren des Wohlbefindens und der Gesundheit, ihre Grenzen hat. Demgegenüber werden Methoden der Echtzeitmessung und der objektiven Erfassung von physiologischen Markern durch die technische Entwicklung im Bereich von Taschencomputern (Ambulatorisches Assessment) in wachsendem Maße auch außerhalb von Laborsettings einsetzbar und damit auch für die empirische Sozialforschung interessant. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden zunächst die methodischen Prinzipien von Echtzeitmessungs-Designs sowie relevante psychophysiologische und physische Parameter als Indikatoren individueller Befindlichkeit dargestellt. Anschließend werden einige Forschungsfragen aufgezeigt, die von der Verwendung der ambulatorischen Methodik profitieren können. Der Beitrag schließt mit exemplarischen Ergebnissen einer Pilotstudie, bei der ein Prototyp eines surveytauglichen Instruments des Ambulatorischen Assessment erprobt worden ist.
Abstract
Ambulatory Assessment: New Methods for Social Research
The most applied methodology in social research is based on random social surveys, which use retrospective self-reports. But recent studies provide evidence, that these kind of measurement, especially for measuring emotional and physical well-being over time is significantly biased. Methods of real-time data capturing of subjective and physiological states (ambulatory assessment) are going to set a new standard in at least health related research. As technological advancement of wearable computing allows to deploy these methods outside the lab, in the context of everyday life, they seem promising to meet a growing demand in social research studies (e. g. biosocial surveys). In this paper first main characteristics of real-time measurement designs are described, as well as indicators of peripheral physiological outcome, which might be relevant for indicating individual emotion and activation states. Then some social research issues are discussed, which seemly could gain merit of integrating ambulatory assessment into survey designs. Finally, exemplary results of a pilot study are reported, in which survey suitability of a prototypical wearable computing device is tested.
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Papastefanou, G. (2009). Ambulatorisches Assessment: Eine Methode (auch) für die Empirische Sozialforschung. In: Weichbold, M., Bacher, J., Wolf, C. (eds) Umfrageforschung. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91852-5_22
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