Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopies of Magnetic Atoms, Clusters, and Molecules

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Atomic- and Nanoscale Magnetism

Part of the book series: NanoScience and Technology ((NANO))

Abstract

The Kondo effect of adatoms on surfaces may to some extent be controlled by manipulating their electronic and geometric environment. Results are presented from artificial structures like quantum well systems, from arrangements of single atoms made with a scanning tunneling microscope, and from custom-made molecules. Spin-orbit coupling at single adatoms is probed via measurements of the anisotropic magnetoresistance, in particular in single atom contacts. Such junctions are also investigated with respect to the current shot noise, which is influenced by the electron spin.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. W. Meissner, B. Voigt, Annalen der Physik 399(8), 892 (1930)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. J. Kondo, Prog. Theor. Phys. 32(1), 37 (1964)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. A.A. Abrikosov, Physics 2, 5 (1965)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. A.A. Abrikosov, Physics 2, 61 (1965)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. W. Marshall (ed.), Theory of Magnetism in Transition Metals (Academic, London, 1967), pp. 116–205

    Google Scholar 

  6. A.C. Hewson, The Kondo Problem to Heavy Fermions (Cambridge University Press, UK, 1993)

    Google Scholar 

  7. K. Yoshida, Theory of Magnetism (Springer, New York, 1996)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  8. J.T. Li, W.D. Schneider, R. Berndt, B. Delley, Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 2893 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. V. Madhavan, W. Chen, T. Jamneala, M.F. Crommie, N.S. Wingreen, Science 280, 569 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  10. M. Ternes, A.J. Heinrich, W.D. Schneider, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21, 053001 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  11. N. Nagaosa, J. Sinova, S. Onoda, A.H. MacDonald, N.P. Ong, Rev. Mod. Phys. 82(2), 1539 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. B.G. Park, J. Wunderlich, X. Martí, V. Holý, Y. Kurosaki, M. Yamada, H. Yamamoto, A. Nishide, J. Hayakawa, H. Takahashi et al., Nat. Matter. 10(5), 347–351 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  13. A. Manchon, H.C. Koo, J. Nitta, S.M. Frolov, R.A. Duine, Nat. Matter. 14(9), 871 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  14. J. Sinova, S.O. Valenzuela, J. Wunderlich, C.H. Back, T. Jungwirth, Rev. Mod. Phys. 87(4), 1213 (2015)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. C. Gould, C. Rüster, T. Jungwirth, E. Girgis, G.M. Schott, R. Giraud, K. Brunner, G. Schmidt, L.W. Molenkamp, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 117203 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  16. S.H. Yang, K.S. Ryu, S. Parkin, Nat. Nanotechnol. 10(3), 221 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  17. T. Uchihashi, J. Zhang, J. Kröger, R. Berndt, Phys. Rev. B 78, 033402 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Z.Q. Qiu, N.V. Smith, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 14(8), R169 (2002)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. J.E. Ortega, F.J. Himpsel, Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 844 (1992)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. J.E. Ortega, F.J. Himpsel, G.J. Mankey, R.F. Willis, Phys. Rev. B 47, 1540 (1993)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. P. Bruno, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 11(48), 9403 (1999)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. P. van Gelderen, S. Crampin, J.E. Inglesfield, Phys. Rev. B 53, 9115 (1996)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. R.K. Kawakami, E. Rotenberg, E.J. Escorcia-Aparicio, H.J. Choi, T.R. Cummins, J.G. Tobin, N.V. Smith, Z.Q. Qiu, Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 1754 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. R.K. Kawakami, E. Rotenberg, E.J. Escorcia-Aparicio, H.J. Choi, J.H. Wolfe, N.V. Smith, Z.Q. Qiu, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 4098 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. O. Újsághy, J. Kroha, L. Szunyogh, A. Zawadowski, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2557 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. M. Plihal, J.W. Gadzuk, Phys. Rev. B 63, 085404 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  27. N. Néel, J. Kröger, L. Limot, K. Palotas, W.A. Hofer, R. Berndt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 016801 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  28. P. Wahl, P. Simon, L. Diekhöner, V.S. Stepanyuk, P. Bruno, M.A. Schneider, K. Kern, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 056601 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  29. P. Bruno, Phys. Rev. B 52, 411 (1995)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. P. Wahl, L. Diekhöner, M.A. Schneider, L. Vitali, G. Wittich, K. Kern, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 176603 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  31. O.O. Brovko, P.A. Ignatiev, V.S. Stepanyuk, P. Bruno, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 036809 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  32. N. Néel, J. Kröger, R. Berndt, T.O. Wehling, A.I. Lichtenstein, M.I. Katsnelson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 266803 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  33. V. Madhavan, W. Chen, T. Jamneala, M.F. Crommie, N.S. Wingreen, Phys. Rev. B 64, 165412 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  34. N. Néel, R. Berndt, J. Kröger, T.O. Wehling, A.I. Lichtenstein, M.I. Katsnelson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 106804 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  35. M.A. Ruderman, C. Kittel, Phys. Rev. 96, 99 (1954)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  36. T. Kasuya, Prog. Theor. Phys. 16(1), 45 (1956)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  37. K. Yosida, Phys. Rev. 106, 893 (1957)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  38. C. Jayaprakash, H.R. Krishna-murthy, J.W. Wilkins, Phys. Rev. Lett. 47, 737 (1981)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. B.A. Jones, C.M. Varma, Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 843 (1987)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. B.A. Jones, C.M. Varma, J.W. Wilkins, Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 125 (1988)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  41. O. Sakai, Y. Shimizu, T. Kasuya, Solid State Commun. 75(2), 81 (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  42. O. Sakai, Y. Shimizu, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 61(7), 2333 (1992)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  43. O. Sakai, Y. Shimizu, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 61(7), 2348 (1992)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  44. O. Sakai, Y. Shimizu, Nh Kaneko, Physica 186, 323 (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  45. I. Affleck, A.W.W. Ludwig, B.A. Jones, Phys. Rev. B 52, 9528 (1995)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  46. L. Zhu, J.X. Zhu, Phys. Rev. B 83, 195103 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  47. V.Y. Irkhin, M.I. Katsnelson, Z. Phys. B 75(1), 67 (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  48. V.Y. Irkhin, M.I. Katsnelson, Phys. Rev. B 56, 8109 (1997)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  49. N. Agraít, A.L. Yeyati, J.M. van Ruitenbeek, Phys. Rep. 377(2), 81 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  50. L. Limot, J. Kröger, R. Berndt, A. Garcia-Lekue, W.A. Hofer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 126102 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  51. J. Kröger, H. Jensen, R. Berndt, New J. Phys. 9(5), 153 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  52. J. Kröger, N. Néel, A. Sperl, Y.F. Wang, R. Berndt, New J. Phys. 11(12), 125006 (2009)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  53. J. Kröger, N. Néel, L. Limot, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 20(22), 223001 (2008)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  54. R. Berndt, J. Kröger, N. Néel, G. Schull, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 12, 1022 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. N. Knorr, M.A. Schneider, L. Diekhöner, P. Wahl, K. Kern, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 096804 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  56. P.W. Anderson, Phys. Rev. 124, 41 (1961)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  57. D.J. Choi, M.V. Rastei, P. Simon, L. Limot, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 266803 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  58. N. Néel, J. Kröger, R. Berndt, Phys. Rev. B 82, 233401 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  59. S. Karan, D. Jacob, M. Karolak, C. Hamann, Y. Wang, A. Weismann, A. I. Lichtenstein, R. Berndt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 016802 (2015). https://www.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.016802

  60. L. Vitali, R. Ohmann, S. Stepanow, P. Gambardella, K. Tao, R. Huang, V.S. Stepanyuk, P. Bruno, K. Kern, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 216802 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  61. A. Kubetzka, M. Bode, O. Pietzsch, R. Wiesendanger, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 057201 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  62. T.A. Costi, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 1504 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  63. A.M. Turner, A.W. Donoho, J.L. Erskine, Phys. Rev. B 29, 2986 (1984)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  64. T. Nautiyal, S. Auluck, Phys. Rev. B 34, 2299 (1986)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  65. W.F. Krolikowski, W.E. Spicer, Phys. Rev. 185, 882 (1969)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  66. M. Häfner, J.K. Viljas, D. Frustaglia, F. Pauly, M. Dreher, P. Nielaba, J.C. Cuevas, Phys. Rev. B 77, 104409 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  67. D.J. Choi, S. Guissart, M. Ormaza, N. Bachellier, O. Bengone, P. Simon, L. Limot, Nano Lett. 16, 6298 (2016)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  68. U. Hagenau, J. Heck, E. Hendrickx, A. Persoons, T. Schuld, H. Wong, Inorg. Chem. 35, 7863 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  69. C. Lindström, Synthese und Charakterisierung mehrkerniger benzolverbrückter Cobalt-Sandwich-Komplexe. Ph.D. thesis, Universität Hamburg, 2016

    Google Scholar 

  70. C. Hamann, R. Woltmann, I.P. Hong, N. Hauptmann, S. Karan, R. Berndt, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 82 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  71. I. Horcas, R. Fernández, J.M. Gómez-Rodríguez, J. Colchero, J. Gómez-Herrero, A.M. Baro, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 78, 013705 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  72. T. Knaak, M. Gruber, C. Lindström, M.L. Bocquet, J. Heck, R. Berndt, Nano Lett. 17, 7146 (2017)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  73. M. Ormaza, P. Abufager, N. Bachellier, R. Robles, M. Verot, T. Le Bahers, M.L. Bocquet, N. Lorente, L. Limot, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 6(3), 395 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  74. N. Bachellier, M. Ormaza, M. Faraggi, B. Verlhac, M. Vérot, T. Le Bahers, M.L. Bocquet, L. Limot, Phys. Rev. B 93, 195403 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  75. K.J. Franke, G. Schulze, J.I. Pascual, Science 332, 940 (2011)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  76. G.E. Pacchioni, M. Pivetta, L. Gragnaniello, F. Donati, G. Autès, O.V. Yazyev, S. Rusponi, H. Brune, ACS Nano 11(3), 2675 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. T. Knaak, M. Gruber, C. Lindström, J. Heck, R. Berndt, J. Phys. Chem. C 121, 26777 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  78. M. Ormaza, N. Bachellier, M.N. Faraggi, B. Verlhac, P. Abufager, P. Ohresser, L. Joly, M. Romeo, F. Scheurer, M.L. Bocquet, N. Lorente, L. Limot, Nano Lett. 17, 1877 (2017)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  79. F. Matino, G. Schull, F. Köhler, S. Gabutti, M. Mayor, R. Berndt, PNAS 108, 961 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  80. X. Ge, C. Manzano, R. Berndt, L. Anger, F. Köhler, R. Herges, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131, 6096 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  81. S. Fölsch, A. Helms, S. Zöphel, J. Repp, G. Meyer, K.H. Rieder, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 123 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  82. S. Abbet, U. Heiz, H. Häkkinen, U. Landman, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5950 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  83. I. Pletikosić, M. Kralj, P. Pervan, R. Brako, J. Coraux, A.T. N’Diaye, C. Busse, T. Michely, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 056808 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  84. S.J. Altenburg, J. Kröger, T.O. Wehling, B. Sachs, A.I. Lichtenstein, R. Berndt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 206805 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  85. Y. Zhang, W. Ong, I. Arakelyan, J.E. Thomas, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 235302 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  86. S. Frota-Pessôa, Phys. Rev. B 69, 104401 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  87. T.O. Wehling, A.V. Balatsky, M.I. Katsnelson, A.I. Lichtenstein, A. Rosch, Phys. Rev. B 81, 115427 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  88. S.J. Altenburg, R. Berndt, New J. Phys. 16, 093047 (2014)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  89. M. Pivetta, M. Ternes, F. Patthey, W.D. Schneider, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 126104 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  90. F. Natterer, F. Patthey, H. Brune, Surf. Sci. 615, 80 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  91. J. Velev, R.F. Sabirianov, S.S. Jaswal, E.Y. Tsymbal, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 127203 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  92. D. Jacob, J. Fernández-Rossier, J.J. Palacios, Phys. Rev. B 77, 165412 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  93. G. Autès, C. Barreteau, D. Spanjaard, M.C. Desjonquères, Phys. Rev. B 77(15), 155437 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  94. A. Smogunov, A. Dal Corso, E. Tosatti, Phys. Rev. B 78, 014423 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  95. M. Häfner, J.K. Viljas, J.C. Cuevas, Phys. Rev. B 79, 140410 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  96. M. Viret, M. Gabureac, F. Ott, C. Fermon, C. Barreteau, G. Autes, R. Guirado-Lopez, Eur. Phys. J. B 51(1), 1 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  97. A. Sokolov, C. Zhang, E.Y. Tsymbal, J. Redepenning, B. Doudin, Nat. Nanotechnol. 2(3), 171 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  98. S. Egle, C. Bacca, H. Pernau, M. Huefner, D. Hinzke, U. Nowak, E. Scheer, Phys. Rev. B 81, 134402 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  99. B. Doudin, M. Viret, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 20(8), 083201 (2008)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  100. K.I. Bolotin, F. Kuemmeth, D.C. Ralph, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 127202 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  101. S.F. Shi, D.C. Ralph, Nat. Nanotechnol. 2, 522 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  102. J. Schöneberg, F. Otte, N. Nel, A. Weismann, Y. Mokrousov, J. Kröger, R. Berndt, S. Heinze, Nano Lett. 16(2), 1450 (2016)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  103. M. Bode, S. Heinze, A. Kubetzka, O. Pietzsch, X. Nie, G. Bihlmayer, S. Blügel, R. Wiesendanger, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 237205 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  104. N. Néel, S. Schröder, N. Ruppelt, P. Ferriani, J. Kröger, R. Berndt, S. Heinze, Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 037202 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  105. S. Schröder, Ph.D. thesis, University of Kiel, 2013

    Google Scholar 

  106. H. Birk, M.J.M. de Jong, C. Schönenberger, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 1610 (1995)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  107. M. Herz, S. Bouvron, E. Cavar, M. Fonin, W. Belzig, E. Scheer, Nanoscale 5, 9978 (2013)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  108. U. Kemiktarak, T. Ndukum, K.C. Schwab, K.L. Ekinci, Nature 450(7166), 85 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  109. H.E. van den Brom, J.M. van Ruitenbeek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 1526 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  110. M. Kumar, R. Avriller, A.L. Yeyati, J.M. van Ruitenbeek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 146602 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  111. N.L. Schneider, G. Schull, R. Berndt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 026601 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  112. W. Schottky, Ann. Phys. 362, 541 (1918)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  113. T. Martin, R. Landauer, Phys. Rev. B 45, 1742 (1992)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  114. S. Heinze, M. Bode, A. Kubetzka, O. Pietzsch, X. Nie, S. Blügel, R. Wiesendanger, Science 288, 1805 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  115. A. Burtzlaff, A. Weismann, M. Brandbyge, R. Berndt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 016602 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  116. A. Kumar, L. Saminadayar, D.C. Glattli, Y. Jin, B. Etienne, Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 2778 (1996)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  117. G.B. Lesovik, Sov. Phys. JETP Lett. 49, 592 (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  118. E. Scheer, N. Agraít, J.C. Cuevas, A.L. Yeyati, B. Ludoph, A. Martin-Rodero, G.R. Bollinger, J.M. van Ruitenbeek, C. Urbina, Nature 394, 154 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Physik, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98684, Ilmenau, Germany

    Jörg Kröger & Nicolas Néel

  2. Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098, Kiel, Germany

    Alexander Weismann, Richard Berndt, Thomas Knaak, Manuel Gruber, Andreas Burtzlaff, Johannes Schöneberg & Jianwei Zhang

  3. Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, 12205, Berlin, Germany

    Simon Altenburg

  4. Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPCMS, UMR 7504, F-67000, Strasbourg, France

    Laurent Limot

  5. International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1, Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan

    Takashi Uchihashi

Authors
  1. Jörg Kröger
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Alexander Weismann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Richard Berndt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Simon Altenburg
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Thomas Knaak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Manuel Gruber
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Andreas Burtzlaff
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Nicolas Néel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Johannes Schöneberg
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Laurent Limot
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. Takashi Uchihashi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  12. Jianwei Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Richard Berndt .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany

    Roland Wiesendanger

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Kröger, J. et al. (2018). Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopies of Magnetic Atoms, Clusters, and Molecules. In: Wiesendanger, R. (eds) Atomic- and Nanoscale Magnetism. NanoScience and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99558-8_2

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation