Abstract
Over the last half century, trillions of official aid funds have been spent in official development aid, ODA and World Bank Group Assistance (WBGA), and some believe the world is nowhere closer to achieving the promised elimination of poverty and development advance (Easterly 2006). In recent years, ODA, including the World Bank Group assistance, has been the topic of many public discussions, often with controversial and contrasting opinions, and after seven decades of ODA, there is still no consensus on whether it works. The chapter argues that if we cannot even agree on whether development aid works at all, how can we address the more important and nuanced questions of how to make it more effective? It, therefore, studies the economic effect of development assistance in the fight against poverty and the scoring of development.
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Appendix 8.1: Total and Sub Samples
Appendix 8.1: Total and Sub Samples
Upper middle income, (per capita GNI $4126–$12,745). (Sub-sample 1) | Lower middle income countries and territories, (per capita GNI $1046–$4125 in 2013) (Sub-sample 2) | Least developed countries and territories, (per capita GNI ≤ $1045 in 2013) (Sub-sample 3) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Country | GNI per capita (US$) | Country | GNI per capita (US$) | Country | GNI per capita (US$) |
4,120 | 1,030 | ||||
12,180 | 4,090 | 1,000 | |||
11,880 | 3,960 | 910 | |||
11,850 | 3,940 | 880 | |||
11,780 | 3,930 | 860 | |||
11,720 | 3,930 | 850 | |||
11,390 | 3,880 | 820 | |||
10,570 | 3,870 | 790 | |||
10,400 | 3,800 | 790 | |||
9,990 | 3,590 | 790 | |||
9,950 | 3,560 | 730 | |||
9,780 | 3,550 | 700 | |||
9,710 | 3,440 | 670 | |||
9,510 | 3,390 | 660 | |||
9,360 | 3,340 | 630 | |||
9,200 | 3,280 | 630 | |||
8,650 | 3,280 | 590 | |||
7,900 | 3,160 | 590 | |||
7,710 | 3,090 | 580 | |||
7,480 | 3,030 | 654 | |||
7,380 | 3,000 | 530 | |||
7,350 | 2,790 | 500 | |||
7,220 | 2,640 | 192 | |||
7,140 | 2,540 | 470 | |||
6,950 | 2,380 | 420 | |||
6,800 | 2,290 | 410 | |||
6,470 | 2,280 | 390 | |||
6,460 | 2,240 | 380 | |||
6,550 | 2,240 | 320 | |||
6,240 | 2,160 | 350 | |||
6,230 | 1,990 | 260 | |||
6,130 | 1,940 | ||||
6,080 | 1,920 | ||||
6,030 | 1,920 | ||||
6,030 | 1,850 | ||||
5,910 | 1,760 | ||||
5,820 | 1,740 | ||||
5,720 | 1,590 | ||||
5,540 | 1,490 | ||||
Namibia | 5,190 | 1,480 | |||
5,140 | 1,440 | ||||
4,930 | 1,420 | ||||
4,850 | 1,370 | ||||
4,830 | 1,340 | ||||
4,770 | 1,320 | ||||
4,680 | 1,280 | ||||
4,670 | 1,240 | ||||
4,490 | 1,190 | ||||
4,280 | 1,170 | ||||
4,280 | 1,160 | ||||
4,190 | 1,140 | ||||
4,180 | 1,070 | ||||
Number of countries | 50 | 50 | 30 | ||
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Naciri, A. (2018). Empirical Assessment of Official Development Assistance Efficiency. In: The Governance Structures of the Bretton Woods Financial Institutions. SpringerBriefs in Economics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97906-9_8
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