Abstract
Humanity’s evolutionary inheritances include many things beyond genes, such as self-organization and a developmental system for raising the young (evolved developmental niche or evolved nest). We present an evolutionary understanding of human species-typical and atypical development and need provision, as well as adult outcomes in species-typical contexts. Maslow noted that thwarting of basic needs fulfillment in early life has effects over the long term but he did not describe what a positive experience in early life looks like. We provide an evolutionary picture here. We describe the development of a retrospective basic needs fulfillment measure based on the Basic Needs Satisfaction Survey whose validation was described in Chapter 2. We tested the usefulness of basic needs history against an existing measure of evolved developmental niche history which were highly correlated in two studies. Hierarchical regression indicated that the measure Basic Needs History explained more of the variance than Evolved Developmental Niche History.
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Appendix 3.1: Basic Needs History (BNh)
Appendix 3.1: Basic Needs History (BNh)
BNSSH When answering the following questions please think of your experience growing up (all the years before age 18). Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with each of the following statements with respect to your childhood.
I felt like… | Strongly disagree (1) | Disagree (2) | Neither agree nor disagree (3) | Agree (4) | Strongly agree (5) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
…people cared about me. (1) | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ |
…I fit into at least one social group. (2) | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ |
… I had influence on those who were important in my life. (3) | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ |
…I could shape my world. (4) | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ |
…Other people valued my skills. (5) | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ |
…I could make choices that mattered in key areas in my life. (6) | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ |
…I could safely make my way in the world. (7) | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ |
… I could find the support that I need from others when necessary. (8) | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ |
…I had goals for my life. (9) | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ |
…I had opportunities in my life to improve my skills and talents. (10) | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ |
… that things would improve even though I may have felt unhappy at times. (11) | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ |
…I didn’t belong anywhere. (12) | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ |
…there was nothing I could do to change my life. (13) | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ |
…I felt incapable in key areas in my life. (14) | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ |
…I was boxed in with no freedom. (15) | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ |
…the world was a mean place so I had to be careful. (16) | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ |
…my life was meaningless. (17) | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ |
…I was beaten down. (18) | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ |
…I was unhappy with my life. (19) | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ | ❍ |
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Noble, R., Kurth, A., Narvaez, D. (2018). Basic Needs Satisfaction and Its Relation to Childhood Experience. In: Narvaez, D. (eds) Basic Needs, Wellbeing and Morality. Palgrave Pivot, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97734-8_3
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