Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to highlight the main issues concerning conflicts of jurisdiction within the EU, also from an italian perspective. The reason of conflicts of jurisdiction’s increase lies in the non-full application of the territoriality criterion, but especially in the transformation of criminality: the opening of borders and free movement of people, as well as the using of IT tools, can cause a fragmentation, among different countries, in the commission of crimes. The discussion on the overlap of proceedings for the same facts involving the same person revolves around various sources of law. Because of interpretative difficulties, many questions regarding conflicts of jurisdiction are still under debate, also in the national and supranational case-law.
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Notes
- 1.
- 2.
Amalfitano (2009), pp. 1293 ff.
- 3.
Among others, see: Cass., sez. VI, 24.11.1995, Sara, Cass. pen. 1997, 66; Cass., sez. I, 7.12.1995, D’Agostino, Giust. pen. 1997, II, 98; Cass., sez. VI, 7.1.2008, n. 1180, CED Cass. n. 238228.
- 4.
Cass., sez. V, 14.10.1996, Colecchia, Cass. pen. 1998, 114; Cass., sez. VI, 15.11.1999, Moceri, Cass. pen. 2001, 3056; Cass., sez. VI, 7.1.2008, n. 1180, C.E.D. Cass., n. 238228.
- 5.
For instance, Convention on the protection of the European Communities’ financial interests, 26.07.1995; Convention drawn up on the basis of Article K.3 (2) (c) of the Treaty on European Union on the fight against corruption involving officials of the European Communities or officials of Member States of the European Union, 26.05.1997.
- 6.
In particular, Joint action of 21.12.1998 adopted by the Council on the basis of Article K.3 of the Treaty on European Union, on making it a criminal offence to participate in a criminal organisation in the Member States of the European Union; Council Framework Decision of 13.06.2002 on combating terrorism (2002/475/JHA); Council Framework decision of 24.02.2005 on attacks against information systems (2005/222/JHA).
- 7.
Paulesu (2017), p. 458.
- 8.
- 9.
Paulesu (2017), p. 457.
- 10.
- 11.
On this provision, see in particular: Allegrezza (2012), pp. 894 ff.
- 12.
Procaccino (2016), p. 269.
- 13.
Convention implementing the Schengen Agreement of 14 June 1985 between the Governments of the States of the Benelux Economic Union, the Federal Republic of Germany and the French Republic on the gradual abolition of checks at their common borders Applicative Convention of Schengen Treaty.
- 14.
In this regards, among others, see Corte Cost., 30.04.2008, n. 129.
- 15.
For an interesting overview, see Galantini (2011), pp. 1 ff.
- 16.
In particular, see Mazzacuva (2013), pp. 1899 ff.
- 17.
Procaccino (2016), p. 275.
- 18.
Dova (2016), p. 2.
- 19.
CJEU, 26.02.2013, Ă…kerberg Fransson (C-617/10).
- 20.
ECHR, Gr. Ch., 9.06.1976, Engel and others v. The Netherlands; Gr. Ch., 1.02. 1984, Oetzuerk v. Germany.
- 21.
ECHR, 4.03.2014, Grande Stevens v. Italy; later, among others, see ECHR, 20.05.2014, Nykanen v. Finland.
- 22.
Legislative Decree (D.lgs.) 24.02. 1998, n. 58.
- 23.
- 24.
CJEU, 15.04.2015, Burzio (C-497/14).
- 25.
Cass., sez. un., 28.3.2013, n. 37424, in www.penalecontemporaneo.it.
- 26.
Cass., sez. III, 14.1.2015, n. 31378, in www.penalecontemporaneo.it.
- 27.
Procaccino (2016), pp. 295 ff.
- 28.
Among others, see: ECHR, 8.11.2007, Stitic v. Croatia; 9.5. 1977, X v. Switzerland.
- 29.
ECHR, 20.5.2014, Nykanen v. Finland §§ 47, 49; 10.2.2015, Kiiveri v. Finland; 27.11.2014, Lucky Dev v. Sweden.
- 30.
ECHR., 15.11.2016, A and B v. Norway; on the same criteria, for a different outcome, see later 18.05.2017, Jóhannesson and others v. Island; Viganò (2016), pp. 1 ff.
- 31.
Corte cost., 24.01.2018, n. 43; Galluccio (2018), pp. 234 ff.
- 32.
CJEU, GC, 20.03.2018, C-524/15, Menci; C-537/16, Garlsson Real Estate and others.; C-597/16, Di Puma, Zecca; see Nascimbene (2018), pp. 2 ff.
- 33.
Dova (2016), pp. 2 ff.
- 34.
ECHR, 20.05.2014, Nykänen v. Finland.
- 35.
ECHR, 3.10.2002, Zigarella v. Italy; see later ECHR, GC, 10.02.2009, Zolotukhin v. Russia; see Mancuso and Viganò (2016), p. 379.
- 36.
Allegrezza (2012), pp. 899 f.
- 37.
ECHR, 30.07.1998, Oliveira v. Switzerland; per una soluzione compromissoria, ECHR, 29.05.2001, Fischer v. Austria; 30.05.2002, W. F. c, Austria; 6.6.2002, Sailer v. Austria.
- 38.
The case-law in this area is varied: in particular, possible differences as to the historical fact may lie in the criminal intention or the aim pursued (ECHR, 14.09.2004, Rosenquist v. Sweden), or on an aggravating circumstance (ECHR, 2.9.2004, Bachmaier v. Austria).
- 39.
ECHR, GC, 10.02.2009, Zolotukhin v. Russia, cit.
- 40.
ECHR, 23.6.2015, Butnaru er Bejan, Piser v. Romania; see also ECHR, 4.3.2014, Grande Stevens v. Italia; 20.5.2014, Nykanen v. Finland.
- 41.
CJEU, 09.03.2006, Van Esbroeck (C-436/04).
- 42.
Corte Cost., 31.5.2016, n. 200; Zirulia (2016), pp. 1 f.; see also Corte Cost., 12.05.2016, n. 102.
- 43.
CJEU, 11.02.2003, Gözütok (C-187/01) and Brügge (C-385/01).
- 44.
CJEU, 10.3.2005, Miraglia (C-469/03); more recently, see CJEU, GC, 29/06/2016, Kossowski (C-486/14).
- 45.
In particular, see ECHR, 18.05.2004, Somogy v. Italia (later, in Italy see L. 28.04.2014, n. 67).
- 46.
CJEU, 28.9.2006, Van Straten (C-150/05).
- 47.
CJEU, 28.09.2006, Gasparini (C-467/04). On this topic, see: CJEU, GC, 5.12.2017, Taricco (C-42/17); Paulesu (2017), pp. 475 f.
- 48.
CJEU., 22.12.2008, Turansky (C-491/07); later see 16.11.2010, Mantello (C-261/09), concerning the European Arrest Warrant.
- 49.
CJEU, 5.6.2014, M. (C-398/12).
- 50.
CJEU, 5..07.2002, Kretzinger (C-288/05).
- 51.
CJEU, 11.12.2008, Bourquain (C-297/07).
- 52.
CJEU., 27.05.2014, Spasic (C-129/2014).
- 53.
Paulesu (2017), p. 48.
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Parlato, L. (2019). Conflicts of Jurisdiction in Criminal Proceedings in Europe: Between Bis In Idem and Lis Pendens. In: Rafaraci, T., Belfiore, R. (eds) EU Criminal Justice. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97319-7_8
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