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The Right of Access to a Lawyer in the European Union: Directive 2013/48/EU and Its Implementation in Spain

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EU Criminal Justice

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Abstract

In light of the necessity to combine the EU pro-victim policy with that favouring the rights of the accused, striking a difficult balance between the two sides of criminal proceedings to ensure the quality of criminal justice as a whole, after the adoption of Directive 2012/29/EU which established minimum standards on the rights, support and protection of the victims of crime, the EU adopted different measures on the minimum procedural rights of defendants. In this paper, the Author focusses her attention on Directive 2013/48/EU, 22 October 2013, on the right of access to a lawyer and its implementation into the Spanish legal system.

The financial support of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and the European Commission is gratefully acknowledged (Research Projects ‘A step forward in the consolidation of the European judicial area and its practical application in Spain: from the perspective of civil and criminal procedures’, DER2015-71418-P and Best practices for EUROpean COORDination on investigative measures and evidence gathering, EUROCOORD, JUST-2015-JCOO-AG, 723198). Also thanks to Cristina Ruiz López for editing.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    OJEU, 14 November 2012, No. L 315, pp. 57–73; error correction in OJEU, 10 December, 2014, No. L 353, pp. 23–24.

  2. 2.

    BOE [Spain’s Official Journal], 28 April, 2015, No. 101, pp. 36569–36598.

  3. 3.

    See, among others, Magro Servet (2010).

  4. 4.

    Burgos Ladrón de Guevara (2015).

  5. 5.

    Directive 2013/48/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 October 2013 on the right of access to a lawyer in criminal proceedings and in European arrest warrant proceedings, and on the right to have a third party informed upon deprivation of liberty and to communicate with third persons and with consular authorities while deprived of liberty, OJEU, 6 November 2013, No. L 294, pp. 1–12.

  6. 6.

    OJEU, 4 December 2009, No. C 295, pp. 1–3.

  7. 7.

    OJEU, 26 October 2010, No. L 280, pp. 1–7.

  8. 8.

    OJEU, 1 June 2012, No. L 142, pp. 1–10.

  9. 9.

    OJEU, 21 May 2016, No. L 132, pp. 1–20.

  10. 10.

    OJEU, 4 November 2016, No. L 297, pp. 1–8.

  11. 11.

    Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on the right of access to a lawyer in criminal proceedings and the right to communicate upon arrest, presented in Brussels on June 8, 2011, document COM (2011) 326 final, p. 1. The Spanish version of the final text has replaced the word “lawyer” with “counsel”.

  12. 12.

    Jimeno-Bulnes (2010), p. 11.

  13. 13.

    See: Artico v. Italy, 13 May 1980, and Pakelli v. Germany, 25 April 1983.

  14. 14.

    After the presentation of this paper.

  15. 15.

    Council Framework Decision of 13 June 2002 on the European arrest warrant and the surrender procedures between Member States, OJEU of 18 July 2002, No. L 190, pp. 1–18, as amended by Framework Decision 2009/299/JHA of 26 February 2009, OJEU, 27 March 2009, No. L 81, pp. 24–36.

  16. 16.

    See Salduz v. Turkey, 27 November 2008, pp. 52 ff. More recently, see Yilmaz Demir v. Turkey, 15 October 2013, and Navone et others v. Monaco, 24 October, 2013.

  17. 17.

    See Brusco v. France, 14 October 2010, pp. 44 ff.

  18. 18.

    Arts. 47, para. 3, Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, and 6, para. 3, c) ECHR.

  19. 19.

    Directive 2016/800/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2016 on procedural safeguards for children who are suspects or accused persons in criminal proceedings was adopted; however, as its title and Recital 1 of the Preamble show, this Directive concerns only “persons under the age of 18 years”.

  20. 20.

    See: Pakelli v. Germany, 25 April 1983, p. 31, and Croissant v. Germany, 25 September 1992, p. 29. More recently, see: Dvorski v. Croatia, 25 October 2015.

  21. 21.

    Among others, see: Foucher v. France, 18 March 1997, and Lagerblom v. Sweden, 14 January 2003.

  22. 22.

    See the Commission’s Green Paper presented in Brussels on 19 February 2003 under the title “Procedural safeguards for suspects and defendants in criminal proceedings in the European Union”, COM (2003) 75 final, pp. 26–27.

  23. 23.

    In Spain, see Article 51, para. 1 Act 23/2014, of 20 November, on mutual recognition of judicial decisions in criminal matters in the European Union (Ley de reconocimiento mutuo de resoluciones penales en la Unión Europea, BOE, 21 November, 2014, No. 282, pp. 95437–95593; english version available at http://www.mjusticia.gob.es/cs/Satellite/Portal/es/servicios-ciudadano/documentacion-publicaciones/publicaciones/traducciones-derecho-espanol, last visit: 8 April 2018).

  24. 24.

    In these terms, see Arangüena Fanego (2014), p. 22.

  25. 25.

    BOE, 6 October 2015, No. 239, pp. 90192–90219.

  26. 26.

    BOE, 28 April 2015, No. 101, pp. 36559–36567.

  27. 27.

    BOE, 6 October 2015, No. 239, pp. 90220–90239.

  28. 28.

    Preamble, section III.

  29. 29.

    Directive 2014/41/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 April 2014 on the European investigation order in criminal matters, OJEU, 1 May 2014, No. L 130, pp. 1–36. See Jimeno-Bulnes (2016), pp. 25–56.

  30. 30.

    See Molina García (2015), p. 22.

  31. 31.

    Reding (2013), pp. 619–622, p. 620.

References

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Burgos, Faculty of Law, Burgos, Spain

    Mar Jimeno-Bulnes

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Correspondence to Mar Jimeno-Bulnes .

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  1. Department of Law, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

    Tommaso Rafaraci  & Rosanna Belfiore  & 

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Jimeno-Bulnes, M. (2019). The Right of Access to a Lawyer in the European Union: Directive 2013/48/EU and Its Implementation in Spain. In: Rafaraci, T., Belfiore, R. (eds) EU Criminal Justice. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97319-7_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97319-7_4

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