Abstract
Even though Berlusconi continues to be a player in Italian politics, we can critically discuss his political legacy. After years of Berlusconism, in today’s Italy it is not possible to envisage a foreign policy that is detached from the public opinion. The experience of Matteo Renzi and, above all, of the government established after the general elections of 2018 confirm that the wall between domestic and foreign policy has ultimately toppled. Berlusconi fostered the reconnection between these two political dimensions. He contributed to the shift from party-driven foreign policy to one that is more people-driven: the people not only support the government, but also influences and puts pressure on it. Berlusconi’s attitude toward international politics is connected to his notion of personal diplomacy as key factor of populism in foreign policy. However, Berlusconi remained skeptical toward a full mobilization of the Italians, thus confirming doubts on his very populist attitude.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Alter, K. J. (2017, November 8). The Future of International Law in an Age of Trump. How Stable Is the Post-WWII International Order? The Berlin Journal, at https://goo.gl/MkAxN1.
Andreatta, F., & Brighi, E. (2003). The Berlusconi Government’s Foreign Policy: The First 18 Months. In J. Blondel & P. Segatti (Eds.), Italian Politics: The Second Berlusconi Government (pp. 221–236). New York: Berghahn.
Bagnato, B. (2003). Prove di Ostpolitik: politica ed economia nella strategia italiana verso l’Unione Sovietica: 1958–1963. Firenze: L.S. Olschki.
Balfour, R., et al. (2016). Europe’s Troublemakers. The Populist Challenge to Foreign Policy. Brussels: European Policy Center, at https://goo.gl/hixNts.
Belpoliti, M. (2009). Il corpo del capo. Parma-Milano: Guanda.
Bickerton, C. J., & Accetti, C. I. (2018). ‘Techno-populism’ as a new party family: the case of the Five Star Movement and Podemos. Contemporary Italian Politics, 10(2), 132–150.
Brighi, E. (2011). Resisting Europe? The Case of Italy’s Foreign Policy. In R. Wong & C. Hill (Eds.), National European Foreign Policies. Toward Europeanization (pp. 57–71). London: Routledge.
Chryssogelos, A.-S. (2010). Undermining the West from Within: European Populists, the US and Russia. European View, 9, 267–277.
Daniels, P. (1998). Italy in European Union. Economic and Political Weekly, 33(35), PE107–PE112.
Dodson, M., & Dorraj, M. (2008). Populism and Foreign Policy in Venezuela and Iran. The Whitehead Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations, 9(1), 71–87.
Frattini, F. (2004b). The Fundamental Directions of Italy’s Foreign Policy. The International Spectator, 39(1), 95–99.
Gualtieri, R. (2006). L’Italia dal 1943 al 1992. DC e PCI nella storia della Repubblica. Roma: Carocci.
Kendall-Taylor, A., Frantz, E., & Wright, J. (2016, September 26). The New Dictators. Why Personalism Rules. Foreign Affairs, at https://goo.gl/H8GqMP.
Lance, J. (2007). Populism and Anti-Americanism in Modern Latin America. Origins: Current Events in Historical Perspective, 1(1). http://origins.osu.edu/article/populism-and-anti-americanism-modern-latin-america.
Levitsky, S., & Loxton, J. (2013). Populism and Competitive Authoritarianism in the Andes. Democratization, 20(1), 107–136.
Musso, P. (2008). Le Sarkoberlusconisme. L’Aube, La Tour d’Aigues.
Nye, J. (2005). Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics. New York: Public Affairs.
Orsina, G. (2018). La democrazia del narcisismo. Breve storia dell’antipolitica. Venezia: Marsilio.
Palano, D. (2017). Populism. Milano: Editrice Bibliografica.
Palano, D. (2013). Partito. Bologna: Il Mulino.
Pasquinucci, D., & Verzichelli, L. (2016). L’Euroscetticismo decostruito. La complessità della critica all’integrazione europea. In D. Pasquinucci & L. Verzichelli (Eds.), Contro l’Europa? I diversi scetticismi verso l’integrazione europea (pp. 7–24). Bologna: Il Mulino.
Puddington, A., & Roylance, T. (2017). The Dual Threat of Populists and Autocrats. Journal of Democracy, 28(2), 105–119.
Scoppola, P. (1997). La Repubblica dei partiti. Evoluzione e crisi di un sistema politico. Bologna: il Mulino.
Segal, H. P. (2005). Technological Utopianism in American Culture. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press.
Smith, J. (2005). A Missed Opportunity? New Labour’s European Policy 1997–2005. International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs 1944–), 81(4), 703–721.
Smith, D. (2018). Dandruff diplomacy: Why Macron groomed Trump but Merkel got the brush-off, 28 April, at https://goo.gl/E9hZvH.
Tjalve, V. S. (2013). Realism, Pragmatism and the Public Sphere: Restraining Foreign Policy in an Age of Mass Politics. International Politics, 50, 784–797.
Verbeek, B., & Zaslove, A. (2017). Populism and Foreign Policy. In C. Rovira Kaltwasser, P. A. Taggart, P. Ochoa Espejo, & P. Ostiguy (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Populism (pp. 348–405). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Wolff, M. (2018). Fire and Fury. Inside the Trump White House. London: Little, Brown.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Diodato, E., Niglia, F. (2019). Populism and Foreign Policy in Italy: The Legacy. In: Berlusconi ‘The Diplomat’ . Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97262-6_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97262-6_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-97261-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-97262-6
eBook Packages: Political Science and International StudiesPolitical Science and International Studies (R0)