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Thermal Annealing of Ion Tracks

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Ion Tracks in Apatite and Quartz

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Abstract

At ambient temperatures, ion tracks in minerals are known to be stable and fairly constant in size. Even over geological timescales, in the range of hundreds of million years, only small reductions in length occur [1]. This changes dramatically when the tracks are exposed to elevated temperatures, leading to a recrystallisation of the damaged structure and a shrinkage in track size (i.e. length and radius). This process is extremely temperature-dependent, with a full recovery and disappearance of all tracks at 170–200 \(^{\circ }\)C over geological timescales of 10\(^{6}\) years [2]. When annealed at 350–400 \(^{\circ }\)C, however, a duration of less than 1 hr is sufficient to fully erase all tracks [3]. This is a result of the rate of recrystallization being typically associated with an exponential dependence of the diffusion rate of the displaced atoms incorporated in the ion tracks on temperature.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Although diffraction patterns typically are displayed as a function of 2\(\theta \), this work shows them as a function of \(q=4\pi \sin (\theta )/\lambda \) to eliminate the energy-dependence and to remain consistent with SAXS.

  2. 2.

    All pressures were obtained by ruby fluorescence. An analysis of the shift of the (210), (310), and (002) peaks at 11 GPa yields similar values as attributed to only 8 GPa by Matsukage et al. [54]. Although this value is different from 11 GPa, this discrepancy has no effect on the conclusions of the following work, as only pressures up to 1–2 GPa are discussed.

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  1. Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia

    Daniel Schauries

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Schauries, D. (2018). Thermal Annealing of Ion Tracks. In: Ion Tracks in Apatite and Quartz. Springer Theses. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96283-2_7

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