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Personality Disorder in People with Intellectual Disability or Those with Intellectual Disability and Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Textbook of Psychiatry for Intellectual Disability and Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abstract

Diagnosing personality disorders (PDs) in persons with intellectual disability (PwID) or those with both intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder (PwID-ASD) can be challenging since it requires subjective information about thoughts and emotions and adequate communication skills. This is compounded by a lack of clarity relating to core concepts of personality disorder in this population as well as a blurring of boundaries between personality, autism, psychiatric illness and problem behaviours. The longstanding and integral maladaptive patterns of cognition, emotion and behaviour impact significantly on psychosocial functioning and incur high societal costs. As important moderators of mental state and physical disorders, PDs impact significantly on general wellbeing and the ability of individuals to thrive in the community. Overall, there is a paucity of good quality studies about PDs in PwID, and hence, treatment strategies are largely extrapolated from empirical evidence in the general population. This chapter summarises the diagnosis, assessment, epidemiology, aetiology, treatments and treatment outcomes within the context of the current evidence base.

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Acknowledgement

The authors wish to thank Marco Isetta, Head of Technology-enhanced Learning, Library and Knowledge Services for his contribution to the literature searches.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Psychiatry of Intellectual Disability, Royal College of Psychiatrists, London, UK

    Sherva Elizabeth Cooray

  2. University of Hertfordshire & Little Plumstead Hospital, Norwich, UK

    Regi Alexander

  3. Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Hatfield, UK

    Regi Alexander

  4. Imperial College School of Medicine London & Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

    Kiran Purandare

  5. Research in Developmental Neuropsychiatry (RADiANT), Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust and University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK

    Verity Chester

  6. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK

    Peter Tyrer

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  1. Sherva Elizabeth Cooray
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  2. Regi Alexander
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  3. Kiran Purandare
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  4. Verity Chester
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  5. Peter Tyrer
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Correspondence to Sherva Elizabeth Cooray or Regi Alexander .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. CREA (Research and ClinicalCentre), Fondazione San Sebastiano, Misericordia di Firenze, Florence, Italy

    Marco O. Bertelli

  2. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK

    Shoumitro (Shoumi) Deb

  3. Developmental Medicine Centre, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Kerim Munir

  4. Division of Psychiatry, University College London and Camden & Islington Foundation Trust, London, UK

    Angela Hassiotis

  5. Health Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia

    Luis Salvador-Carulla

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Cooray, S.E., Alexander, R., Purandare, K., Chester, V., Tyrer, P. (2022). Personality Disorder in People with Intellectual Disability or Those with Intellectual Disability and Autism Spectrum Disorder. In: Bertelli, M.O., Deb, S.(., Munir, K., Hassiotis, A., Salvador-Carulla, L. (eds) Textbook of Psychiatry for Intellectual Disability and Autism Spectrum Disorder. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95720-3_31

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