Skip to main content

Abstract

Question—“Is mine seismology quantitative or qualitative ?” The answer is straight forward as by its very nature the seismic source parameters are only estimates and in being objective they can be described as a conclusion of an educated guess. Once the main reason for mine seismology being qualitative is removed this may be a matter for future debates. Up to now, the dividing wall from it being considered qualitative is the measuring device the seismological software itself. With each software update, the resulting source parameters are different from the previous ones and the differences can be significant. It is as if with every new version of the software something fundamental is changed. As an example, take the definition of a metre. The metre is defined as the length of the path travelled by light in a vacuum in 1/299 792 458th of a second. Now just imagine the resulting pandemonium if various industries or research institutions used whatever definition of a metre they wanted at any specific time. It is for this very reason that I did not agree to an update to the PMC’s seismic processing software and right up to the end of 2013 all recorded data was processed using one version of the software. As a result, the PMC seismic database was consistent and allowed for a very detailed analysis of the caving process as evidenced by the recorded seismicity. All analysis and interpretation of this nearly perfect database was based on trends and their changes with the process of caving. This is typical for qualitative analysis (Glazer 2016).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Beyerstein BL (1995) Distinguishing science from pseudoscience. Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Prepared for The Centre for Curriculum and Professional Development

    Google Scholar 

  • Boyd R (2016) The power of false beliefs: a modern pseudoscience and public love story, papers and essays, course: science and society: a historical perspective. Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  • Durrheim RJ, Cichowicz A, Ebrahim-Trollope R, Essrich F, Goldbach O, Linzer L, Spottiswoode SM, Stankiewicz T, van Aswegen G (2007) Guidelines, standards and best practice for seismic hazard assessment and Rockburst Risk management, Final Project number: SIM 05 03 02 Output 3 (6 March 2007),Safety in Mines Research Advisory Committee

    Google Scholar 

  • Durrheim RJ, Ogasawara H (2012) Can mine tremors be predicted? Observational studies of earthquake nucleation, triggering and rupture in South African Mines. The Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Southern Hemisphere International Rock Mechanics Symposium SHIRMS 2012

    Google Scholar 

  • Durrheim RJ, Riemer KL (2015) The history of mining seismology IN: de Beer JH (ed) The history of geophysics in Southern Africa. SUN MeDIA Stellenbosch under the imprint SUN PREES, ISBN 978-1-920689-81-0, pp 85–110

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernandez LM, van der Heever P (1984) Ground movement and damage accompanying a large seismic event in the Klerksdorp District. In: Gay NC, Wainwright EH (eds) Rockburst and Seismicity in Mines, Symp. Ser. No 6, S. Afr. Inst. Metal. Johannesburg, pp 193–198

    Google Scholar 

  • Glazer SN, Madej M, Mroz M, Sojka K (1980) Detection and localization of disturbances in hard coal seams using the channel method. Projecty-Problemy Budownictwo Weglowe Nr 2(280):1980 (in Polish)

    Google Scholar 

  • Glazer SN, Hail M (1987) Statistically improved refraction statics-criteria for success, 5th geophysical conference and exhibition (Australian Society of Exploration Geophysics), Perth, 22–27 February 1987

    Google Scholar 

  • Glazer SN (1988) The 3D refraction static corrections, a true 3D solution. 50th E.A.E.G. meeting and technical exhibition. The Hague 6–10 June 1988

    Google Scholar 

  • Glazer SN (1997) Applied mine seismology—A Vaal Reefs Perspective. In: Gibowicz SJ, Lasocki S (eds) Proceedings of 4th international symposium on Rockburst and Seismicity in Mines. 11–14 August 1997, Krakow, Poland, pp 227–231

    Google Scholar 

  • Glazer SN (1998) Practical applications of stress index and other seismological parameters in combating rockburst hazard in deep gold mine of Vaal Reefs, South Africa. PhD thesis submitted to the Department of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, University of Mining and Metallurgy, Krakow, Poland, June 1997 (unpublished)

    Google Scholar 

  • Glazer SN (1999) Seismological method for evaluation and control of Rockburst hazard used in gold mines of the Klerksdorp Basin, Republic of South Africa. Jubilee Geophysical Symposium, University of Mining and Metallurgy, Krakow, Poland, June 1999. ISBN 83-909584-2-2, pp 273–279

    Google Scholar 

  • Glazer SN (2016) Mine seismology: data analysis and interpretation. Palabora Mine Caving Process as Revealed by Induced Seismicity. ISBN 978-3-319-32611-5, Springer International Publishing, Switzerland

    Google Scholar 

  • Glazer SN (2017) Mine seismology: seismic warning concept. Case Study from Vaal Reefs Gold Mine, South Africa. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland. ISBN 978-3-319-62352-8

    Google Scholar 

  • Glazer SN, Townsend P (2006) Comparison of seismicity induced by Cave Mining at Palabora Mining (South Africa) and PT Freeport Indonesia Copper Mines. In: Proceedings of XIII international scientific-technical conference natural mining hazards 2006, Depth of Mining and Mining Hazards, Central Mining Institute, 7–10.11.2006, Ustroń, Poland, ISBN 83-87610-87-9, pp 70–85

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall MA, Glazer SN (1986) Some factors influencing the quality of refraction statics. Near Surface Effects Workshop (Society of Exploration Geophysicists Research Committee). Hyannis, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, July 7–10, 1986

    Google Scholar 

  • Malovichko DA (2017) Assessment and testing of seismic hazard for planned mining sequences. In: Wesseloo J (ed.) Proceedings of the eighth international conference on deep and high stress mining, Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, pp 61–77

    Google Scholar 

  • Mendecki AJ (ed) (1997) Seismic monitoring in mines. Chapman and Hall, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Mendecki AJ, van Aswegen G, Mountford P (1999) A guide to routine seismic monitoring in mines. In: Jager AJ, Ryder JA (eds) A handbook on rock engineering practice for tabular hard rock mines. Safety in Mines Research Advisory Committee, Johannesburg. Cape Town: Creda Communications, 1999, pp 287–309

    Google Scholar 

  • Midzi V, Zulu B, Manzunzu B, Mulabisana T, Pule T, Myendeki S, Gubela W (2015) Macroseismic survey of the Orkney earthquake. Journal of Seismology 2015 Volume 19, Number 19, pp 741–751

    Google Scholar 

  • Morkel IG, Wesseloo J (2017) A technique to determine systematic shifts in microseismic. In: Wesseloo (ed) Eighth international conference on deep and high stress Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, ISBN 978-0-9924810-6-3 Deep Mining 2017, Perth, Australia, pp 105–116. https://papers.acg.uwa.edu.au/p/1704_05_Morkel/

  • Riemer KL, Durrheim RJ (2012) Mining seismicity in the Witwatersrand Basin: monitoring, mechanisms and mitigation strategies in perspective. J Rock Mech Geotech Eng 4(3):228–249

    Google Scholar 

  • Spottiswoode SM (2009) Is mine earthquake prediction possible? In: Tang CA (ed) Proceedings of 7th Rockbursts and Seismicity in Mines Conference, Dalian, China, Rinton Press, pp 899–910

    Google Scholar 

  • Spottiswoode SM (2010) Mine seismicity: prediction or forecasting? J S Afr Inst Min Metall 110:11–20

    Google Scholar 

  • Theocharis T, Psimopoulos M (1987) Where science has gone wrong. Nature 329(6140):595–598

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van Aswegen G (2005) Routine seismic hazard assessment in South African mines. In: Potvin Y, Hudyma M (eds) Sixth international symposium on Rockbursts and Seismicity in Mines Proceedings, 9–11 March, Perth, Australia, pp 437–444

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Glazer, S.N. (2019). Introduction. In: Mine Seismology: Seismic Response to the Caving Process. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95573-5_1

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics