Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Geroscience

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Aging Research - Methodological Issues

  • 727 Accesses

Abstract

Geroscience is an emerging discipline that examines the relationship between biological mechanisms of aging across different species with the goal of understanding the molecular and cellular pathways underlying age-related diseases. Geroscience is based upon finding connections between the so called “hallmarks of aging”, a term that refers to stress adaptation, epigenetics, inflammation, macromolecular damage, metabolism, proteostasis, stem cells and regeneration as well as nutrient sensing to elucidate processes damaged in chronic diseases highly prevalent in older people. In this chapter, we tried to explain the origins of Geroscience, its relevance to the study of aging and its connection to disease, as well as to emphasize specific experimental findings that resulted from studies of animal models focused in replicating the physiopathological features of age-related diseases such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, sarcopenia and osteoporosis, cancer, diabetes and frailty. Finally, we discussed some potential biomarkers suggested to improve the diagnosis or accelerate the identification of therapeutic targets in order to minimize the negative impact of chronic diseases during aging.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Tian X, Seluanov A, Gorbunova V (2017) Molecular mechanisms determining lifespan in short- and long-lived species. Trends Endocrinol Metab 28(10):722–734

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Sierra F, Kohanski R (2017) Geroscience and the trans-NIH Geroscience Interest Group, GSIG. Geroscience 39(1):1–5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Kennedy BK, Berger SL, Brunet A, Campisi J, Cuervo AM, Epel ES, Franceschi C, Lithgow GJ, Morimoto RI, Pessin JE, Rando TA, Richardson A, Schadt EE, Wyss-Coray T, Sierra F (2014) Geroscience: linking aging to chronic disease. Cell 159(4):709–713

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Kohanski RA, Deeks SG, Gravekamp C, Halter JB, High K, Hurria A, Fuldner R, Green P, Huebner R, Macchiarini F, Sierra F (2016) Reverse geroscience: how does exposure to early diseases accelerate the age-related decline in health? Ann N Y Acad Sci 1386(1):30–44

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. He S, Sharpless NE (2016) The impact of aging on cancer progression and treatment. In: Sierra F, Kohanski R (eds) Advances in geroscience. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp 53–84

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  6. Chiao YA, Lakatta E, Ungvari Z, Dai DF, Rabinovitch P (2016) Cardiovascular disease and aging. In: Sierra F, Kohanski R (eds) Advances in geroscience. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp 121–160

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  7. Kerchner GA, Wyss-Coray T (2016) The role of aging in Alzheimer’s disease. In: Sierra F, Kohanski R (eds) Advances in geroscience. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp 197–227

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  8. Andersen JK, Chinta S (2016) Parkinson’s disease and aging. In: Sierra F, Kohanski R (eds) Advances in geroscience. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp 229–255

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Melov S, Rosen CJ (2016) Aging and the bone-muscle interface. In: Sierra F, Kohanski R (eds) Advances in geroscience. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp 257–275

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  10. Glowacki J, Vokes T (2016) Osteoporosis and mechanisms of skeletal aging. In: Sierra F, Kohanski R (eds) Advances in geroscience. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp 277–308

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  11. Arrieta-Cruz I, Gutiérrez-Juárez R (2016) The role of insulin resistance and glucose metabolism dysregulation in the development of Alzheimer’s disease. Rev Investig Clin 68(2):53–58

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Musi N, Bartke A (2016) Diabetes and aging. In: Sierra F, Kohanski R (eds) Advances in geroscience. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp 355–376

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  13. Fried L, Ferrucci L (2016) Etiological role of aging in chronic diseases: from epidemiological evidence to the new geroscience. In: Sierra F, Kohanski R (eds) Advances in geroscience. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp 37–51

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  14. López-Otín C, Blasco MA, Partridge L, Serrano M, Kroemer G (2013) The hallmarks of aging. Cell 153(6):1194–1217

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Grimmer T, Riemenschneider M, Förstl H, Henriksen G, Klunk WE, Mathis CA, Shiga T, Wester HJ, Kurz A, Drzezga A (2009) Beta amyloid in Alzheimer’s disease: increased deposition in brain is reflected in reduced concentration in cerebrospinal fluid. Biol Psychiatry 65(11):927–934

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Blennow K, Dubois B, Fagan AM, Lewczuk P, de Leon MJ, Hampel H (2015) Clinical utility of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in the diagnosis of early Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement 11(1):58–69

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Su JH, Deng G, Cotman CW (1997) Neuronal DNA damage precedes tangle formation and is associated with up-regulation of nitrotyrosine in Alzheimer’s disease brain. Brain Res 774(1–2):193–199

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Mattsson N, Insel PS, Palmqvist S, Portelius E, Zetterberg H, Weiner M, Blennow K, Hansson O, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (2016) Cerebrospinal fluid tau, neurogranin, and neurofilament light in Alzheimer's disease. EMBO Mol Med 8(10):1184–1196

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Wang X, Yu S, Li F, Feng T (2015) Detection of α-synuclein oligomers in red blood cells as a potential biomarker of Parkinson’s disease. Neurosci Lett 599:115–119

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Truban D, Hou X, Caulfield TR, Fiesel FC, Springer W (2017) PINK1, Parkin, and mitochondrial quality control: what can we learn about Parkinson’s disease pathobiology? J Parkinsons Dis 7(1):13–29

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Thomas KJ, Mccoy MK, Blackinton J, Beilina A, van der Brug M, Sandebring A, Miller D, Maric D, Cedazo-Minguez A, Cookson MR (2011) DJ-1 acts in parallel to the PINK1/parkin pathway to control mitochondrial function and autophagy. Hum Mol Genet 20(1):40–50

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM, Boirie Y, Cederholm T, Landi F et al (2010) Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: report of the European working group on sarcopenia in older people. Age Ageing 39(4):412–423

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Balagopal P, Schimke JC, Ades P, Adey D, Nair KS (2001) Age effect on transcript levels and synthesis rate of muscle MHC and response to resistance exercise. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 280(2):E203–E208

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Cheema N, Herbst A, McKenzie D, Aiken JM (2015) Apoptosis and necrosis mediate skeletal muscle fiber loss in age-induced mitochondrial enzymatic abnormalities. Aging Cell 14(6):1085–1093

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Brzeszczyńska J, Meyer A, Mcgregor R, Schilb A, Degen S, Tadini V, Johns N, Langen R, Schols A, Glass DJ, Roubenoff R, Ross JA, Fearon KCH, Greig CA, Jacobi C (2018) Alterations in the in vitro and in vivo regulation of muscle regeneration in healthy ageing and the influence of sarcopenia. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 9(1):93–105

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Rotini A, Martínez-Sarrà E, Duelen R, Costamagna D, Di Filippo ES, Giacomazzi G, Grosemans H, Fulle S, Sampaolesi M (2018) Aging affects the in vivo regenerative potential of human mesoangioblasts. Aging Cell. https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.12714

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Marzetti E, Calvani R, Cesari M, Buford TW, Lorenzi M, Behnke BJ, Leeuwenburgh C (2013) Mitochondrial dysfunction and sarcopenia of aging: from signaling pathways to clinical trials. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 45(10):2288–2301

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Glover SJ, Eastell R, McCloskey EV, Rogers A, Garnero P, Lowery J, Belleli R, Wright TM, John MR (2009) Rapid and robust response of biochemical markers of bone formation to teriparatide therapy. Bone 45(6):1053–1058

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Fardellone P, Séjourné A, Paccou J, Goëb V (2014) Bone remodelling markers in rheumatoid arthritis. Mediators Inflamm. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/484280

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Hay E, Bouaziz W, Funck-Brentano T, Cohen-Solal M (2016) Sclerostin and bone aging: a mini-review. Gerontology 62(6):618–623

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Sierra F (2016) Moving geroscience into uncharted waters. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 71(11):1385–1387

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Roger Gutiérrez-Juárez for his helpful comments and English proofreading.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Basic Research, National Institute of Geriatrics, Mexico City, Mexico

    Isabel Arrieta-Cruz & Armando Luna-López

Authors
  1. Isabel Arrieta-Cruz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Armando Luna-López
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Isabel Arrieta-Cruz or Armando Luna-López .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Geriatrics, Mexico City, Mexico

    Carmen García-Peña

  2. National Institute of Geriatrics, Mexico City, Mexico

    Luis Miguel Gutiérrez-Robledo

  3. National Institute of Geriatrics, Mexico City, Mexico

    Mario Ulises Pérez-Zepeda

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Arrieta-Cruz, I., Luna-López, A. (2018). Geroscience. In: García-Peña, C., Gutiérrez-Robledo, L., Pérez-Zepeda, M. (eds) Aging Research - Methodological Issues. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95387-8_4

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation