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Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) in Trauma

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Operative Techniques and Recent Advances in Acute Care and Emergency Surgery

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Abstract

Patients with traumas and associated cardiopulmonary failure have a high mortality rate; in such patients, the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) may grant patient’s tissue perfusion supporting cardiac and respiratory functions in traumatic lung injuries who do not respond to conventional mechanical ventilation and other treatments: chemical paralysis, prone positioning, inhaled prostacyclins, and pressure-controlled inverse ratio ventilation. When all these treatment provisions are not adequate, and lung compliance becomes worse, the increased inspiratory pressures may cause barotrauma and further impaired lung function. Nevertheless, trauma patients may present acute heart failure, e.g., due to a serious bleeding, stunned heart following direct trauma (severe contusion and hematoma), or depression determined by acidosis and hypothermia. The clinical use of ECMO, providing a bridge to rescue therapy, is becoming increasingly frequent showing a dramatic improvement in survival rate or allowing organ donation after cardiac death.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy

    Antonino M. Grande & Antonella Degani

  2. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Henri Mondor University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris-Est University, Créteil, France

    Antonio Fiore

  3. Dipartimento di Emergenza Urgenza, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milano, Italy

    Paolo Aseni

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  1. Antonino M. Grande
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  2. Antonella Degani
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  3. Antonio Fiore
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  4. Paolo Aseni
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Correspondence to Antonino M. Grande .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Emergenza Urgenza, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Milano, Italy

    Paolo Aseni

  2. School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Milano, Italy

    Luciano De Carlis

  3. Department of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Milano, Italy

    Alessandro Mazzola

  4. Department of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy

    Antonino M. Grande

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Grande, A.M., Degani, A., Fiore, A., Aseni, P. (2019). Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) in Trauma. In: Aseni, P., De Carlis, L., Mazzola, A., Grande, A.M. (eds) Operative Techniques and Recent Advances in Acute Care and Emergency Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95114-0_53

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95114-0_53

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-95113-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-95114-0

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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