Abstract
Additive manufacturing is a promising process that has the capability for process optimization and materials development of novel, multi-material and functional components of complex geometries due to the rapid and localized directional solidification of molten metallic alloys. Directed energy deposition, an additive manufacturing process that uses a high powered laser to melt blown metallic powder, introduces large gradients and sensitivity in thermal histories within a built component that lead to unique phase transformations, microstructures, residual stress and anisotropic mechanical behavior. Control of the overall mechanical behavior of DED-built components relies on control of thermal history at localized areas. Research at Northwestern University, in collaboration with Argonne National Laboratory, uses in-situ monitoring techniques such as infrared (IR) cameras, an IR two-wave pyrometer to monitor the melt pool, and a high-powered synchrotron to capture the phase change during build. Relationships between temperature, solidification rate and thermal gradient are made with the resulting microstructural characteristic and mechanical behavior at localized areas of each build. Linking thermal history to mechanical behavior of additively-built parts will lead to increased thermal control for optimal properties and open the door to alloy development.
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Acknowledgements
This works acknowledges the support by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (award no. 70NANB13H194), Center for Hierarchical Materials Design (CHiMAD, award no. 70NANB14H012), and Digital Manufacturing and Design Innovation Institute (DMDII, award no. 15-07). Northwestern University professors Kornel Ehmann, Wing Kam Liu, Gregory J. Wagner and students Sarah Wolff, Hao Wu, David Pritchet, Stephen Lin, Orion Kafka, Jennifer Bennett, Puikei Cheng, Cheng Yu and Haiguang Liu contributed to this work. This work made use of facilities at Northwestern University, Quad City Manufacturing Laboratory, DMG MORI and the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory.
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© 2019 The Society for Experimental Mechanics, Inc.
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Cao, J. (2019). Linking Thermal History to Mechanical Behavior in Directed Energy Deposited Materials. In: Kramer, S., Jordan, J., Jin, H., Carroll, J., Beese, A. (eds) Mechanics of Additive and Advanced Manufacturing, Volume 8. Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95083-9_17
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95083-9_17
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