Abstract
This chapter presents an approach for Resilient Distribution System Expansion Planning (RDSEP) considering gas-fired Non-utility DGs (NUDGs) and Demand Side Providers (DRPs). The RDSEP method explores the NUDGs and DRPs impacts on the planning paradigm. The RDSEP problem is decomposed into multi sub-problems that optimize investment, operational and reliability costs. The RDSEP is a complicated problem, and the resilience criteria may encounter different planning schemes that can also be included in the problem modeling. The resilience of a distribution system is the capacity to tolerate the external shocks that may be imposed on the network, and the distribution system must be able to deliver electricity continuously to its consumers. The distribution system may have NUDGs and DRPs that interchange electricity with Distribution System Operator (DSO) and they can dynamically change the distribution system resources. The NUDG and DRP contribution scenarios can significantly change the state space of RDSEP, and they can be utilized for different preventive/corrective measures against internal and external shocks . The RDSEP model is a non-linear programming problem, and a heuristic optimization method is utilized. A nine-bus test system and an urban electric system are used to assess the introduced method.
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Abbreviations
- \( C_{UDG} \) :
-
UDG costs
- \( C_{DRP} \) :
-
DRP candidates costs
- \( C_{SW} \) :
-
Switching device costs
- \( C_{RPS} \) :
-
Reactive power resource candidates costs
- \( C_{NUDG} \) :
-
NUDG contribution costs
- \( C_{Sub} \) :
-
New substation costs
- \( C_{Feed} \) :
-
New feeder costs
- \( C_{OP\_UDG} \) :
-
UDG operation costs
- \( C_{OP\_NUDG} \) :
-
NUDG operation costs
- \( C_{OP\_DRP} \) :
-
DRP operation costs
- E :
-
Energy purchased from upward utility
- MCP :
-
Marginal clearing price of the wholesale market
- NESE :
-
Number of extreme external shock
- NESP :
-
Number of expected external shock
- NESR :
-
Number of routine external shock
- NIS :
-
Number of internal shocks
- \( N_{SC\_UDG} \) :
-
Number of UDG capacity candidates
- \( N_{SC\_NUDG} \) :
-
Number of NUDG contribution scenarios
- Nyear :
-
Number of planning years
- Np :
-
Number of periods
- Nzone :
-
Number of distribution system zones
- W :
-
Weighting factor
- \( \varphi^{Inv} \) :
-
Decision variable for investment
- \( \psi_{Sub} \) :
-
Decision variable for new substation installation
- \( \psi_{Feed} \) :
-
Decision variable for feeder installation
- \( \psi_{DRP} \) :
-
Decision variable for DRP contribution
- \( \psi_{SW} \) :
-
Decision variable for switching device installation
- \( \psi_{RPS} \) :
-
Decision variable for RPS installation
- \( \psi_{UDG} \) :
-
Decision variable for UDG installation
- \( \psi_{NUDG} \) :
-
Decision variable for NUDG contribution
- \( \phi_{UDG} \) :
-
Decision variable of UDG commitment
- \( \phi_{DRP} \) :
-
Decision variable of DRP commitment
- \( \phi_{NUDG} \) :
-
Decision variable of NUDG commitment
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Setayesh Nazar, M., Heidari, A. (2019). Multi-stage Resilient Distribution System Expansion Planning Considering Non-utility Gas-Fired Distributed Generation. In: Mahdavi Tabatabaei, N., Najafi Ravadanegh, S., Bizon, N. (eds) Power Systems Resilience. Power Systems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94442-5_8
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