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Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy of Glasses

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Book cover Springer Handbook of Glass

Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Abstract

Terahertz-time domain spectroscopy () uses the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric and optical constants for glass characterization over a wide frequency range in the electromagnetic spectrum. This chapter provides an overview and analysis of various THz spectrometers and typical data sets over \(0.1{-}10\,{\mathrm{THz}}\). Phonon modes in THz region and Lunkenheimer–Loidl plots for disordered materials along with density-functional based tight-binding () modeling results for \(\mathrm{As_{2}S_{3}}\) are described. THz optical and dielectric properties of selected model glass systems, e. g., silica, alkali borate, and silicates, based on works reported in the literature, are discussed. Mixed-alkali effects and thermal stability in terms of THz properties of simple tellurite glass composition, \(\mathrm{80TeO_{2}}\)-\(\mathrm{10WO_{3}}\)-(\(10{-}x\))\(\mathrm{Li_{2}O}\)-\(\mathrm{\mathit{x}Na_{2}O}\) with \(x=\) 0, 2, 4, and 6, are reported. Chalcogenide (As-S) glasses show that the refractive indices in THz, infrared, and visible frequencies decrease with arsenic composition up to a point of optimal constrained structure with average coordination number, \(\langle r\rangle\), beyond which the refractive index increases. Our results in hydroxyapatite (\(\mathrm{Ca_{10}(PO_{4})_{6}}\)\(\cdot\)\(\mathrm{(OH)_{2}}\); HA)-glass (0.05CaO-\(\mathrm{0.12TiO_{2}}\)-\(\mathrm{0.17Na_{2}O}\)-0.28ZnO-\(\mathrm{0.38SiO_{2}}\)) composites demonstrate that the THz-TDS can be a promising non-destructive tool for evaluating these composites and tracking their degradation in simulated body fluids in biological applications.

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Acknowledgements

The author thanks the support from the Energy Conversion Initiative, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). The author acknowledges THz measurements performed by Mr. Rob Koch (Alfred University), peer review by Dr. John S. McCloy (Washington State University, Pullman, WA), some of the illustrations by Mr. Mike Perkins (PNNL), and suggestions from Professor Robert E. Miles (University of Leeds, UK). The author also acknowledges support from Inamori Foundation and Kazuo Inamori School of Engineering at Alfred University. PNNL is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830.

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  1. Inamori School of Engineering, Alfred University, Alfred, NY, USA

    S. K. Sundaram

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  1. Rochester Precision Optics, LLC, West Henrietta, NY, USA

    J. David Musgraves

  2. Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA

    Juejun Hu

  3. UMR 6226 – Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, University of Rennes I, Rennes, France

    Laurent Calvez

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Sundaram, S.K. (2019). Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy of Glasses. In: Musgraves, J.D., Hu, J., Calvez, L. (eds) Springer Handbook of Glass. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93728-1_26

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