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Psychiatric Reform and Autism Services in Italy and Brazil

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Autism in Translation

Part of the book series: Culture, Mind, and Society ((CMAS))

Abstract

This chapter presents an outline of the history, politics, and lived experience of autism in Italy and Brazil, illuminating key similarities and differences. It focuses on the contemporary dilemmas around autism in these countries, particularly the historical developments of Psychiatric Reform (PR) in both countries, and how the post-reform epistemic and institutional matrices address autism. Both countries share a history of radical liberatory anti-asylum movements, deinstitutionalization, and transition to a community-based mental healthcare system that addresses a range of needs often without diagnosis-specific services; both countries have seen conflict between parent groups (and in Italy, self-advocacy groups as well) and this system, as parent groups often call for more diagnosis-specific services. However, there are substantial differences in the landscape of autism politics between Brazil and Italy. Local and historical particularities as well as everyday practice make ideals meaningful, rendering the same perspectives on treatment, intervention, and social organization harmful in one situation, yet helpful in another. Taking a historically informed view of current autism politics moves beyond dichotomies and extremities in these perspectives, opening up the space for the recognition of common ground and, perhaps, integration.

M. A. Cascio—The work described in this chapter was carried out at the Department of Anthropology, Case Western Reserve University.

B. Costa Andrada—The work described in this chapter was carried out at the Institute for Social Medicine, State University of Rio de Janeiro.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Canada

    M. Ariel Cascio

  2. McGill University, Montréal, Canada

    M. Ariel Cascio

  3. Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Bárbara Costa Andrada

  4. Institute for Social Medicine, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Benilton Bezerra Jr.

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  1. M. Ariel Cascio
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  2. Bárbara Costa Andrada
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  3. Benilton Bezerra Jr.
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Correspondence to M. Ariel Cascio .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Elizabeth Fein

  2. Department of Social Psychology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Clarice Rios

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Cascio, M.A., Costa Andrada, B., Bezerra, B. (2018). Psychiatric Reform and Autism Services in Italy and Brazil. In: Fein, E., Rios, C. (eds) Autism in Translation. Culture, Mind, and Society. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93293-4_3

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