Skip to main content

Seeing Mathematics Through Different Eyes: An Equitable Approach to Use with Prospective Teachers

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Research in Mathematics Education ((RME))

Abstract

Teacher educators need to prepare prospective teachers by encouraging them to critically examine their current beliefs about the teaching and learning of mathematics while also providing opportunities for prospective teachers to develop an equity-centered orientation. Attending to these practices in teacher preparation programs may help prospective teachers observe actions that occur in classrooms and determine effective strategies that provide the opportunity to enhance all students’ access to high-quality mathematics instruction. As mathematics teacher educators, we must recognize what prospective teachers attend to as they direct their attention to various classroom events and how they relate the events to broader principles of teaching and learning. In this chapter, we investigate what prospective teachers attend to in a classroom vignette of a student who is above grade level in mathematics and exhibits disruptive behavior during instruction. Keeping everything constant in the vignette except the student’s race and sex, we examined prospective teachers’ responses when the student was an African American male, White male, African American female, and White female. By attending specifically to race and sex, we explored whether prospective teachers demonstrated (1) an equity-centered orientation toward mathematics instruction or (2) deficit views of students based on race, sex, or the intersection of the two. Using a constant comparative method, the data were coded and analyzed using the equity noticing framework. The results indicate that prospective teachers are beginning to attend to cultural influences and their responses reveal differences not only between races but also between males and females.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Aguirre, J. M., Turner, E. E., Bartell, T. G., Kalinec-Craig, C., Foote, M. Q., Roth McDuffie, A., et al. (2012). Making connections in practice: How prospective elementary teachers connect to children’s mathematical thinking and community funds of knowledge in mathematics instruction. Journal of Teacher Education, 64(2), 178–192.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Allsopp, D. H., Kyger, M. M., & Lovin, L. H. (2007). Teaching mathematics meaningfully: Solutions for reaching struggling learners. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co.

    Google Scholar 

  • Averill, R., Anderson, D., Easton, H., Te Maro, P., Smith, D., & Hynds, A. (2009). Culturally responsive teaching of mathematics: Three models from linked studies. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 40(2), 157–186.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ball, D. (2011). Forward. In M. G. Sherin, V. R. Jacobs, & R. A. Philipp (Eds.), Mathematics teacher noticing: Seeing through teachers’ eyes (pp. xx–xxiv). New York/London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bartell, T. G. (2010). Learning to teach mathematics for social justice: Negotiating social justice and mathematical goals. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 41(1), 5–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Battey, D. (2013). “Good” mathematics teaching for students of color and those in poverty: The importance of relational interactions within instruction. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 82(1), 125–144.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Diversity in Mathematics Education Center for Learning and Teaching. (2007). Culture, race, power and mathematics education. In F. Lester (Ed.), Second handbook of research on mathematics teaching and learning (Vol. 2, pp. 843–908). Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forgasz, H., & Rivera, F. (Eds.). (2012). Towards equity in mathematics education: Gender, culture and diversity. New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Freitas, D. (2008). Troubling teacher identity: Preparing mathematics teachers to teach for diversity. Teaching Education, 19(1), 43–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Futrell, M. H., Gomez, J., & Bedden, D. (2003). Teaching the children of a new America: The challenge of diversity. Phi Delta Kappan, 84(5), 381–385.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gay, G. (2000). Culturally responsive teaching: Theory, research, & practice. New York: Teachers College Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gutiérrez, R. (2002). Enabling the practice of mathematics teachers in context: Toward a new equity research agenda. Mathematical Thinking and Learning, 4(2&3), 145–187.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gutiérrez, R. (2007). (Re)defining equity: The importance of a critical perspective. In N. S. Nasir & P. Cobb (Eds.), Improving access to mathematics: Diversity and equity in the classroom (pp. 37–50). New York: Teachers College Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gutiérrez, R. (2009). Embracing the inherent tensions in teaching mathematics from an equity stance. Democracy and Education, 18(3), 9–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gutiérrez, R. (2013). The sociopolitical turn in mathematics education. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 44(1), 37–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gutstein, E. (2003). Teaching and learning mathematics for social justice in an urban, Latino school. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 34(1), 37–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hand, V. (2012). Seeing power and culture in mathematics learning: Teacher noticing for equitable mathematics instruction. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 80(1), 233–247.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hart, L. E. (2003). Some directions for research on equity and justice in mathematics education. In L. Burton (Ed.), Which way social justice in mathematics education? (pp. 27–49). Westport, CT: Praeger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hussar, W. J., & Bailey, T. M. (2016). Projections of education statistics to 2023 (NCES 2015-073). U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Irvine, J. (2003). Educating teachers for diversity. New York: Teachers College Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, C., & Jong, C. (2017). Reading and reflecting: Elementary preservice teachers’ conceptions about teaching mathematics for equity. Mathematics Teacher Education and Development, 19(1), 66–81.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ladson-Billings, G. (1995). “But that’s just good teaching!” The case for culturally relevant pedagogy. Theory Into Practice, 34(3), 159–165.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lemons-Smith, S. (2008). Dr. Asa G. Hilliard III: Trumpeter for the academic and cultural excellence of African American children. Review of Educational Research, 78(4), 908–920.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leonard, J., & Martin, D. B. (Eds.). (2013). The brilliance of black children in mathematics: Beyond the numbers and toward new discourse. Charlotte, NC: Information Age.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lubienski, S. T. (2002, April 1–5). Are we achieving “mathematical power for all?” A decade of national data on instruction and achievement. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, New Orleans, LA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, D. (2003). Hidden assumptions and unaddressed questions in mathematics for all rhetoric. The Mathematics Educator, 13(2), 7–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matthews, L. E. (2005). Towards design of clarifying equity messages in mathematics reform. The High School Journal, 88(4), 46–58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCulloch, A. W., Marshall, P. L., & DeCuir-Gunby, J. T. (2009). Cultural capital in children’s number representations. Teaching Children Mathematics, 16(3), 184–189.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGuire, M. (2006). Cooperative learning training materials. Columbia, MO: Micki McGuire.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Center of Educational Statistics. (2010). 2010 condition of education. Washington, DC: Department of Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. (2000). Principles and standards for school mathematics. Reston, VA: Authors.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. (2014). Principles to actions: Ensuring mathematical success for all. Reston, VA: Authors.

    Google Scholar 

  • Olson, I. R., & Marshuetz, C. (2005). Facial attractiveness is appraised in a glance. Emotion, 5(4), 498–502.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pinnow, R., & Chval, K. B. (2014). Positioning ELLs to develop academic, communicative, and social competencies in mathematics. In M. Civil & E. Turner (Eds.), The common core state standards in mathematics for English language learners: Grades K-8 (pp. 72–95). Alexandria, VA: TESOL Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rousseau, C., & Tate, W. F. (2003). No time like the present: Reflecting on equity in school mathematics. Theory Into Practice, 42(3), 210–216.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sherin, M. G., Russ, R. S., Sherin, B. L., & Colestock, A. (2009). Professional vision in action: An exploratory study. Issues in Teacher Education, 17(2), 27–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sleeter, C. E. (2001). Preparing teachers for culturally diverse schools: Research and the over-whelming presence of whiteness. Journal of Teacher Education, 52(2), 94–106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Turner, E. E., & Drake, C. (2016). A review of research on prospective teachers’ learning about children’s mathematical thinking and cultural funds of knowledge. Journal of Teacher Education, 67(1), 32–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Turner, E. E., Drake, C., Roth McDuffie, A., Aguirre, J., Bartell, T. G., & Foote, M. Q. (2012). Promoting equity in mathematics teacher education: A framework for advancing teacher learning of children’s multiple mathematics knowledge bases. Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education, 15(1), 67–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ukpokodu, O. M. (2011). How do I teach mathematics in a culturally responsive way? Identifying empowering teaching practices. Multicultural Education, 18(3), 47–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Es, B., & Sherin, M. G. (2002). Learning to notice: Scaffolding new teachers’ interpretations of classroom interactions. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 10(4), 571–596.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Es, E. A., & Sherin, M. G. (2006). How different video club designs support teachers in “learning to notice”. Journal of Computing in Teacher Education, 22(4), 125–136.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Es, E. A., & Sherin, M. G. (2010). The influence of video clubs on teachers’ thinking and practice. Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education, 13(2), 155–176.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vomvoridi-Ivanović, E., & Chval, K. B. (2014). Challenging beliefs and developing knowledge in relation to teaching English language learners: Examples from mathematics teacher education. In B. Cruz, C. Ellerbrock, A. Vasquez, & E. Howes (Eds.), Talking diversity with teachers and teacher educators (pp. 115–130). New York: Teacher’s College Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wager, A. A. (2014). Noticing children’s participation: Insights into teacher positionality toward equitable mathematics pedagogy. Journal of Research in Mathematics Education, 45(3), 312–350.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Watson, D., Charner-Laird, M., Kirkpatrick, C. L., Szczesiul, S. A., & Gordon, P. (2006). Effective teaching/effective urban teaching: Grappling with definitions, grappling with difference. Journal of Teacher Education, 57(4), 395–409.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kelley Buchheister .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Jackson, C., Taylor, C.E., Buchheister, K. (2018). Seeing Mathematics Through Different Eyes: An Equitable Approach to Use with Prospective Teachers. In: Bartell, T. (eds) Toward Equity and Social Justice in Mathematics Education. Research in Mathematics Education. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92907-1_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92907-1_16

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-92906-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-92907-1

  • eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics