Abstract
Broadcasting services in Europe are facing changes that, in the case of Public Service Media (PSM), are complemented by a serious economic and trust crisis that force them to rethink their model. One of the core pillars of this change is the adaptation to the digital market. To do so, a modernization in the regulation of copyrights in PSM is needed. In this regard, European regulation for broadcasting services has become obsolete, so there is a need to move towards a system that benefits online transmissions, digital transmissions and the European Single Market. In the case of public broadcasting services, more policies of change are requested related to the concept and mission of public service. The aim of this research is to assess the situation, problems and European policies on copyrights and public service media in a moment when the EU has proposed a legislative package for its modernization in the digital market.
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Notes
- 1.
Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: Promoting a fair, efficient and competitive European copyright-based economy in the Digital Single Market: COM(2016)592; Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on copyright in the Digital Single Market: COM (2016) 593 final, 14 September 2016; Proposal for a Regulation laying down rules on the exercise of copyright and related rights applicable to certain online transmissions of broadcasting organizations and retransmissions: COM (2016) 594 final, 14 September 2016; Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on certain permitted uses of works and other subject-matter protected by copyright and related rights for the benefit of persons who are blind, visually impaired or otherwise print disabled and amending Directive 2001/29/EC on the harmonization of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society: COM (2016) 596; Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on the cross-border exchange between the Union and third countries of accessible format copies of certain works and other subject-matter protected by copyright and related rights for the benefit of persons who are blind, visually impaired or otherwise print disabled: COM (2016) 595; Commission Staff Working Document—Impact Assessment on the modernization of EU copyright rules—Accompanying the document “Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on copyright in the Digital Single Market” and “Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down rules on the exercise of copyright and related rights applicable to certain online transmissions of broadcasting organizations and retransmissions of television and radio programs”: SWD (2016) 301 (IRIS Merlin database 2016).
- 2.
Huerta et al. (2011). “Modelos over the top (OTT): regulación y competencia en los nuevos mercados de Internet”, en Política Económica y Regulatoria en Telecomunicaciones. GEER y Telefónica, vol. 6, pp. 84–98. Mentioned in Del Pino and Aguado (2012: 63).
- 3.
Article 107.1 TFEU: “Save as otherwise provided in the Treaties, any aid granted by a Member State or through State resources in any form whatsoever which distorts or threatens to distort competition by favouring certain undertakings or the production of certain goods shall, in so far as it affects trade between Member States, be incompatible with the internal market”.
- 4.
Article 106 TFEU. In the case of public undertakings and undertakings to which Member States grant special or exclusive rights, Member States shall neither enact nor maintain in force any measure contrary to the rules contained in the Treaties, in particular to those rules provided for in Article 18 and Articles 101–109. Undertakings entrusted with the operation of services of general economic interest or having the character of a revenue-producing monopoly shall be subject to the rules contained in the Treaties, in particular to the rules on competition, in so far as the application of such rules does not obstruct the performance, in law or in fact, of the particular tasks assigned to them. The development of trade must not be affected to such an extent as would be contrary to the interests of the Union.
- 5.
Case C-52/07 Kanal 5 Ltd. and TV 4 AB v Föreningen Svenska Tonsättares Internationella Musikbyrå (STIM) upa (Reference for a preliminary ruling from the Marknadsdomstolen).
Judgement of the Court of 14 February 1978. United Brands and United Brands Continental/Commission.
Judgement of the Court of 13 July 1989. Tournier.
Judgement of the Court of 15 March 2007. British Airways/Commission
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Acknowledgements
Results of the research are part of the project Indicators related to broadcasters’ governance, funding, accountability, innovation, quality and public service applicable to Spain in the digital context (CSO2015-66543-P), belonging to the Spanish National Plan for Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation, a national subprogram of Knowledge Creation from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness.
The translation of the chapter is financed by the research group “Comunicación Pública, Poder, Derecho y Mensaje” (Public Communication, Power, Law and Message) from the Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha.
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López-Cepeda, A.M., Valencia-Bermúdez, A. (2019). Copyright and PSM in the Digital Market. In: Túñez-López, M., Martínez-Fernández, VA., López-García, X., Rúas-Araújo, X., Campos-Freire, F. (eds) Communication: Innovation & Quality. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol 154. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91860-0_24
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