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Gynecological Symptoms

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The MASCC Textbook of Cancer Supportive Care and Survivorship

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Abstract

Patients with a diagnosis of gynecologic cancer experience a high number of different symptoms, and the need for supportive care is significant. The most common disease-specific symptoms in gynecologic cancer patients are lymphedema of the lower extremities, vaginal bleeding, bowel obstruction, and fistulas.

This chapter focuses on complications of surgery and side effects induced by chemotherapy or radiotherapy and also reviews specific survivorship problems and end-of-life issues.

Although gynecologic cancer patients experience many general symptoms, a number of problems are disease-specific. Women with advanced ovarian cancer often suffer from malignant bowel obstruction and recurrent ascites, whereas women with advanced cervical or endometrial cancer are at risk of ureteral obstruction resulting in uremia, if urinary diversion is not offered.

There is reason to believe that supportive-care needs in gynecologic cancer patients will change in the future. Extensive surgery, in particular in ovarian cancer, will undoubtedly increase the risk of long-term complications. On the other hand, the more frequent use of sentinel node techniques will decrease the incidence of lower-extremity lymphedema. Targeted therapy has become part of the standard therapy in ovarian and cervical cancer. The significance of the well-known bevacizumab-induced hypertension and proteinuria on long-term toxicity is unknown as is the long-term risk of myelodysplastic syndrome with the use of a poly (adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor.

In the future, it is expected that pharmacogenetics will be useful not only in the design of individual cancer therapy but also in the prediction of individual side-effect profiles of cancer therapy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

    Signe Ladegaard Harder

  2. Department of Clinical Oncology, Zealand University Hospital Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark

    Jørn Herrstedt

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Correspondence to Jørn Herrstedt .

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  1. University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia

    Ian Olver

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Harder, S.L., Herrstedt, J. (2018). Gynecological Symptoms. In: Olver, I. (eds) The MASCC Textbook of Cancer Supportive Care and Survivorship. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90990-5_32

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90990-5_32

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