Skip to main content

Confusing the Scientific and Moral Appeals of Suppressing Vice

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Impact of Critical Rationalism
  • 396 Accesses

Abstract

History suggests that rapid social change in media representations of intimate human behavior, whether violent or sexual, throughout the last century in Western countries, has justified censorship on the pretext that violent fiction is a lynchpin of actual violence. Careful re-assessment of the evidence fails to support such alleged causation. Nonetheless, the rational rejection of the empirical link should not overshadow recognition of the moral accomplishment achieved through the allegations of moral injury in public panics over tolerance for explicit representation of sex and violence in fiction and entertainment irrespective of harm. The juxtaposition of these competing rationales for public policy is reflected in Canadian case law regarding pornography and prostitution.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • American College of Pediatricians. 2016. The Impact of Media Use and Screen Time on Children, Adolescents and Families. https://www.acpeds.org/the-college-speaks/position-statements/parenting-issues/the-impact-of-media-use-and-screen-time-on-children-adolescents-and-families.

  • Bandura, Albert. 1973. Aggression: A Social Learning Analysis. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bandura, Albert, D. Ross, and S.A. Ross. 1963. Imitation of Film-Mediated Aggressive Models. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 66: 3–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bedford, Terri-Jean. 2011. Dominatrix on Trial. Bloomington, IN: iUniverse, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bedford et al v Canada (2010) ONSC 4264 (CanLII); http://canlii.ca/t/2cr62.

  • Bedford et al v Canada (2013) 3 S.C.R. 1101 2013 SCC 72 (CanLII); http://canlii.ca/t/g2f56.

  • Berkowitz, Leonard. 1971. Sex and Violence: We Can’t Have It Both Ways. Psychology Today (December): 14–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brannigan, Augustine. 2013. Beyond the Banality of Evil: Genocide and Criminology. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Busching, Robert, Johnie J. Allen, and Craig A. Anderson. 2016. Violent Media Content and Its Effects. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Communications. Online. http://communication.oxfordre.com/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228613.001.0001/acrefore-9780190228613-e-1?rskey=ZKWxdR&result=1.

  • Casavant, Lyne, and James R. Robertson. 2007. The Evolution of Pornography Law in Canada. Ottawa: Library of Parliament. https://lop.parl.ca/content/lop/researchpublications/843-e.htm.

  • Crist, Judith. 1948. Horror in the Nursery. Colliers Magazine, pp. 95–97.

    Google Scholar 

  • Diamond, Milton, and Ayako Uchiyama. 1999. Pornography, Rape and Sex Crimes in Japan. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 22 (1): 1–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Donnerstein, Edward. 1980. Aggressive Erotica and Violence Against Women. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 39: 269–277.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Donnerstein, Edward. 1983. Erotica and Human Aggression. In Aggression: Theoretical and Empirical Reviews, ed. R. Geen and E. Donnerstein, 53–81. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eron, Leonard. 1987. The Development of Aggressive Behavior from the Perspective of Developing Behaviorism. American Psychologist 42: 435–442.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feshbach, Seymour, and Richard D. Singer. 1971. Television and Aggression: An Experimental Field Study. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fisher, William, and Guy Grenier. 1994. Violent pornography, Antiwoman Thoughts and Antiwoman Acts: In Search of Reliable Effects. Journal of Sex Research 31 (1): 23–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fowles, Jib. 1999. The Case for Television Violence. London: Sage.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Freedman, Jonathan L. 1988. Television and Aggression: What the Research Shows. In Television as a Social Issue, ed. Stuart Oskamp. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gauntlett, David. 1995. Moving Experiences: Understanding Televisions Influences and Effects. London: J. Libbey.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gottredson, Michael R., and Travis Hirschi. 1990. A General Theory of Crime. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Hovland, Carl. 1959. Reconciling Conflicting Results Resulting from Experimental and Survey Studies of Attitude Change. American Psychologist 14: 8–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huesmann, L.R., L.D. Eron, M.M. Lefkowitz, and L.O. Walder. 1984. The Stability of Aggression Over Time and Generations. Developmental Psychology 20: 1120–1134.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jarvie, Ian C. 1991. Pornography and/as Degradation. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 14: 13–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaplan, Ray M., and Richard D. Singer. 1976. Television Violence and Viewer Aggression: A Re-Examination of the Evidence. Journal of Criminal Psychopathology 3: 112–137.

    Google Scholar 

  • Katz, Jack. 1988. Seductions of Crime: The Sensual and Moral Attractions of Doing Evil. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kendrick, Walter. 1988. The Secret Museum: Pornography in Modern Culture. New York: Viking Penguin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kutchinsky, Berl. 1991. Pornography and Rape: Theory and Practice? International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 14: 47–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liebert, Robert A., and Joyce Sprafkin. 1988. The Early Window: The Effects of Television on Children and Youth, 3/e. New York: Pergamon.

    Google Scholar 

  • R v Butler (1992) 1 S.C.R 452. CanLII 124 (SCC); http://canlii.ca/t/1fsdj.

  • R v Wagner 1985 (AB QB) 1130 CanLII. http://canlii.ca/t/27t5b.

  • Skibrei, May-Len, and Charlotta Holström. 2014. The ‘Nordic Model’ of Prostitution is a Myth. LSE Blog, 3 January 2014, London: London School of Economics and Political Science. http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/europpblog/2014/01/03/the-nordic-model-of-prostitution-law-is-a-myth/.

  • Tannenbaum, Percy. 1972. Studies in Film and Television Mediated Arousal and Aggression: A Progress Report. In Television and Social Behavior, Vol. 5, Television’s Effects: Further Explorations, ed. George A. Comstock, Eli A. Rubinstein, and John P. Murray, 309–350. Washington, DC: USGPO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Twain, Mark. 1885. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/cultureshock/flashpoints/literature/huck.html.

  • Wertham, Frederic. 1954. Seduction of the Innocent. New York: Rinehart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, James Q., and Richard J. Herrnstein. 1985. Crime and Human Nature: The Definitive Study of the Causes of Crime. New York: Simon and Schuster.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zillmann, Dolf. 1984. Connections between Sex and Aggression. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 1991. Television Viewing and Physiological Arousal. In Responding to the Screen: Reception and Reaction Processes, ed. Jennings Bryant and Dolf Zillmann, 103–133. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zillmann, Dolf, and Jennings W. Bryant. 1984. Effects of Massive Exposure to Pornography. In Pornography and Sexual Aggression, ed. Neil Malamuth and Edward Donnerstein, 115–138. Orlando, FL: Academic Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Augustine Brannigan .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Brannigan, A. (2019). Confusing the Scientific and Moral Appeals of Suppressing Vice. In: Sassower, R., Laor, N. (eds) The Impact of Critical Rationalism. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90826-7_23

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90826-7_23

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-90825-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-90826-7

  • eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics