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Management of Greywater in Developing Countries pp 89–108Cite as

Xenobiotic Organic Compounds in Greywater and Environmental Health Impacts

Part of the Water Science and Technology Library book series (WSTL,volume 87)

Abstract

One of the most common organic compounds which represents real challenges in the environmental pollution treatment is the xenobiotic organic compounds (XOCs). They are complex organic compounds which have high persistence in the environment extend for several years due to their chemical structure. Meanwhile, its hazards risk lies in tier active poisons which directly affect aquatic life within a short exposure time. XOCs in the greywater are generated from utilisation of detergents and personal body care products and they have the potential to persist in nature for a long time and thus have long-term effects to the environment including toxicity and bioaccumulation in the organism’s cells. There are many literatures discussing about the types of XOCs of greywater. For instance, some types of XOCs in greywater are toxic for aquaculture. This chapter will discuss the occurrence of XOCs in the greywater, chemical structure and bioassay for the toxicity of these compounds.

Keywords

  • XOCs
  • Toxicity
  • Health risk
  • Regulations
  • Greywater

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Fig. 5.1
Fig. 5.2

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) for supporting this research under FRGS vot 1574 and also the Research Management Centre (RMC) UTHM for providing grant IGSP U682 for this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology (FAST), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia

    Efaq Ali Noman

  2. Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty Applied Sciences, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen

    Efaq Ali Noman

  3. Micro-Pollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), 86400, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia

    Adel Ali Saeed Al-Gheethi, Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed & Amir Hashim Mohd Kassim

  4. Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology (FAST), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), 84000, KM11, Jalan Panchor, Pagoh Muar, Johor, Malaysia

    Balkis A. Talip

  5. School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), 11800, Penang, Malaysia

    H. Nagao

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  1. Efaq Ali Noman
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  2. Adel Ali Saeed Al-Gheethi
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Correspondence to Adel Ali Saeed Al-Gheethi or Balkis A. Talip .

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  1. Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Johor, Malaysia

    Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed

  2. Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Johor, Malaysia

    Adel Ali Saeed Al-Gheethi

  3. Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Johor, Malaysia

    Amir Hashim Mohd Kassim

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Noman, E.A., Al-Gheethi, A.A.S., Talip, B.A., Radin Mohamed, R.M.S., Nagao, H., Mohd Kassim, A.H. (2019). Xenobiotic Organic Compounds in Greywater and Environmental Health Impacts. In: Radin Mohamed, R., Al-Gheethi, A., Mohd Kassim, A. (eds) Management of Greywater in Developing Countries. Water Science and Technology Library, vol 87. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90269-2_5

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