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Petrography and Diagenetic Evolution of the Proterozoic Kaimur Group Sandstones, Son Valley, India: Implication Towards Reservoir Quality

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Book cover Geological Evolution of the Precambrian Indian Shield

Part of the book series: Society of Earth Scientists Series ((SESS))

Abstract

In Central India the Upper Kaimur Subgroup of Vindhyan Supergroup, primarily consists of three lithounits-Dhandraul Sandstone, Scarp Sandstone and Bijaigarh Shale. The framework grains, mineralogy, matrix, pore properties and cements were identified. Average framework composition of the texturally super-mature Dhandraul Sandstone is Qt99 F0.1L0.8 and texturally less mature, Scarp Sandstone is Qt99 F0.2L0.8. The important diagenetic components identified based on the framework grain–cement relationships are mechanical compaction, cements, authigenic clays and dissolution and alteration of unstable clastic grains and tectonically induced grain fracturing. The early to intermediate stage of the diagnostic realm e.g., mechanical compaction, cementation, dissolution, and authigenesis of clays (dominantly kaolinite, mixed illite-smectite and minor illite). Mixed illite-smectite and illite occur as pore-filling and or lining during authigenic phases. Kaolinite and silica (quartz) overgrowth occur as pore-filling and lining cements. Compaction played an added role than the cementation in modifying the primary porosity. Cementation drastically reduced the porosity and permeability. Kaolinite fills pore spaces and caused reduction in the porosity and permeability of the sandstone. Secondary porosity development occurred due to partial to complete dissolution of feldspar. The diagenetic signatures observed in the Upper Kaimur Subgroup Sandstones are suggestive of intermediate burial (2–3 km depth). The reservoir quality of the studied sandstones is reduced by authigenic clay minerals (kaolinite, mixed illite-smectite and minor illite), cementations, and on other hand, it is increased by alteration and dissolution of unstable grains.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully thank the Chairman, Department of Geology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh for providing the necessary research facilities. The financial assistance received by the first author in the form of Junior Research Fellowship from the University under University Grant Commission, BSR fellowship scheme, New Delhi is acknowledged. We are grateful to Dr. Shahid Husain (Department of Physics, AMU, Aligarh) for giving permission for XRD analysis. We thank to the Director of USIF, AMU, Aligarh, for supporting SEM analysis.

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  1. Sumit K. Ghosh

    Present address: , 7 Kalimandir Enclave, G M S Road, Dehradun, 248001, India

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  1. Department of Geology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India

    M. A. Quasim & A. H. M. Ahmad

  2. Formerly Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology (WIHG), Dehradun, 248001, India

    Sumit K. Ghosh

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    M.E.A. Mondal

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Quasim, M.A., Ghosh, S.K., Ahmad, A.H.M. (2019). Petrography and Diagenetic Evolution of the Proterozoic Kaimur Group Sandstones, Son Valley, India: Implication Towards Reservoir Quality. In: Mondal, M. (eds) Geological Evolution of the Precambrian Indian Shield. Society of Earth Scientists Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89698-4_20

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