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Integrating Biodiversity Conservation into Agroecosystem Management: Using Birds to Bring Conservation and Agricultural Production Together

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Strategies and Tools for a Sustainable Rural Rio de Janeiro

Part of the book series: Springer Series on Environmental Management ((SSEM))

Abstract

The conversion of natural areas into agricultural systems for food and energy production has globally put biodiversity and ecosystem functions at risk. Recent research has focused on characterizing biodiversity and ecological functions, e.g., pollination, seed dispersal, and control of herbivorous arthropods, as well as on the best agricultural practices to consort the production and conservation of natural environments. In this context, birds can serve as models – both for the relatively good taxonomic resolution and ecological knowledge and for the range of ecosystem services that they consistently perform. We discuss the most sustainable practices for both the maintenance of biodiversity focusing on bird fauna and of ecological processes, and thus for human well-being. In order to close ranks between biodiversity conservation and agricultural production, biodiversity can be incorporated directly or indirectly into agroecosystem management, either to measure or monitor ecological parameters, to identify priority areas for conservation, or to identify suitable native plant species for ecological restoration or agricultural productivity. For the state of Rio de Janeiro (RJ), different ecosystem management solutions are developed to link biodiversity conservation with the safe operation of agroecosystem and sustainable production, taking into account Brazil’s complex legal-environmental framework.

Resumo (Português) Integrando a Conservação da Biodiversidade no Manejo de Sistemas Agrícolas: Uso de Aves para Consorciar a Conservação e a Produção Agrícola

A conversão de áreas naturais em sistemas agrícolas para a produção de alimentos e energia, tem colocado em risco a biodiversidade e as funções ecossistêmicas. Pesquisas recentes têm focado em caracterizar a biodiversidade e as funções ecológicas (por exemplo, polinização, dispersão de sementes e controle de artrópodes herbívoros), bem como sobre as melhores práticas agrícolas para consorciar a produção e conservação dos ambientes naturais. Neste contexto, aves servem os modelos, tanto por sua relativamente boa resolução taxonômica, quanto pelo conhecimento ecológico e a gama de serviços ecossistêmicos que eles reconhecidamente desempenham. Neste capítulo, discutimos as práticas mais sustentáveis para a manutenção da biodiversidade (focando na avifauna) e processos ecológicos e, portanto, para o bem-estar humano. A biodiversidade pode ser incorporada direta ou indiretamente no gerenciamento dos ecossistemas, seja para medir ou monitorar parâmetros ecológicos, detectar áreas prioritárias para conservação ou para identificar espécies de plantas nativas adequadas para restauração ecológica e produtividade agrícola. Para o estado do Rio de Janeiro, são desenvolvidas diferentes soluções de gerenciamento de ecossistemas, para vincular a conservação da biodiversidade com o manejo adequado e a produção sustentável, levando-se em consideração o complexo quadro jurídico-ambiental do Brasil.

Resumen (Español) Integración de la Conservación de la Biodiversidad en el Manejo de Agroecosistemas: Uso de Aves para Integrar la Conservación y la Producción Agricola

La conversión de áreas naturales en sistemas agrícolas para la producción de alimentos y energía ha puesto en riesgo la biodiversidad y las funciones ecosistémicas. Las investigaciones recientes se han centrado en caracterizar la biodiversidad y las funciones ecológicas (por ejemplo: polinización, dispersión de semillas y control de artrópodos herbívoros), así como las mejores prácticas agrícolas para consagrar la producción y la conservación de los ambientes naturales. En este contexto, las aves sirven como modelo, tanto por su relativamente buena resolución taxonómica, como por el conocimiento ecológico y la gama de servicios ecosistémicos que consistentemente desempeñan. En este capítulo, discutimos las prácticas más sostenibles para el mantenimiento de la biodiversidad (enfocándose en la avifauna) y procesos ecológicos y, por lo tanto, para el bienestar humano. La biodiversidad puede ser incorporada directa o indirectamente en el manejo de los ecosistemas, sea para medir o monitorear parámetros ecológicos, detectar áreas prioritarias para la conservación o para identificar especies de plantas nativas adecuadas para restauración ecológica o productividad agrícola. Para el estado de Rio de Janeiro, se desarrollan diferentes soluciones de gestión de ecosistemas, a fin de vincular la conservación de la biodiversidad con el manejo adecuado y la producción sostenible, teniendo en cuenta el complejo marco jurídico-ambiental de Brasil.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Fiscal module is an agrarian unit of measure that represents the minimum area required for rural properties to be considered economically viable (Landau et al. 2012).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ciências Ambientais CCTS, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil

    Augusto João Piratelli & Fatima Conceição Marquez Piña-Rodrigues

  2. Institute for Technology and Resources Management in the Tropics and Subtropics (ITT), TH Köln – University of Applied Sciences, Köln, Germany

    Claudia Raedig

Authors
  1. Augusto João Piratelli
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  2. Fatima Conceição Marquez Piña-Rodrigues
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  3. Claudia Raedig
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Correspondence to Augusto João Piratelli .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Technology and Resources Management in the Tropics and Subtropics – ITT, TH Köln – University of Applied Sciences, Köln, Germany

    Udo Nehren

  2. Institute for Technology and Resources Management in the Tropics and Subtropics – ITT, TH Köln – University of Applied Sciences, Köln, Germany

    Sabine Schlϋter

  3. Institute for Technology and Resources Management in the Tropics and Subtropics – ITT, TH Köln – University of Applied Sciences, Köln, Germany

    Claudia Raedig

  4. Institute of Geography, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany

    Dietmar Sattler

  5. Programa Rio Rural, Secretaria de Agricultura e Pecuária, Fonseca, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Helga Hissa

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Piratelli, A.J., Piña-Rodrigues, F.C.M., Raedig, C. (2019). Integrating Biodiversity Conservation into Agroecosystem Management: Using Birds to Bring Conservation and Agricultural Production Together. In: Nehren, U., Schlϋter, S., Raedig, C., Sattler, D., Hissa, H. (eds) Strategies and Tools for a Sustainable Rural Rio de Janeiro. Springer Series on Environmental Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89644-1_10

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